兆瓦级风力机叶片初步设计中的多学科优化设计方法研究

发布时间：2018-04-20 17:48

本文选题：风力机叶片 + 可靠性　；参考：《浙江工业大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：叶片是风力机的核心部件,随着风力机向大型化发展,兆瓦级风力机叶片对可靠性和质量都提出了更高的要求,传统的叶片设计方法往往将气动设计和结构设计分离开来,在设计时注重保证风能效率的最大化,使得叶片质量较大,从而导致了较高的风能成本。另一方面,随着新型材料以及新型制造工艺的发展,传统的安全系数法的可能过于保守或者不安全。基于多学科可靠性优化设计方法,本文提出综合考虑气动性能与结构强度,在保证可靠性的同时降低风能成本。本文的主要工作和成果如下： (1)基于气动性能的叶片气动外形优化设计,首先设计叶片的基本参数,包括尖速比、翼型等,并计算获得翼型的气动数据,然后利用叶素动量理论,对弦长和扭角进行优化设计,初始叶片额定功率达2.65MW。 (2)基于结构强度的风力机叶片优化设计,首先选择叶片结构形式和材料,然后基于安全系数法,建立优化设计模型,对0。玻璃钢铺层厚度进行优化设计。设计结果显示叶片厚度和质量分布符合实际情况且挠度比较小。 (3)基于一次二阶矩法,建立了叶片弯曲应力可靠性计算方法,探索了材料性能对可靠性的影响程度,结果发现材料强度的变异系数对可靠性影响最大。在此基础上建立叶片可靠性优化设计模型,再次对初始叶片的0。玻璃钢铺层厚度进行优化设计,设计结果与基于安全系数法的设计结果吻合。 (4)基于XFOIL翼型气动分析软件和BEM理论,建立了由翼型相对厚度计算获得额定功率的数学模型,为多学科可靠性优化设计模型做了准备。 (5)研究了叶片气动性能和叶片质量的耦合关系,叶片内圈的额定功率随翼型相对厚度先增加后减小,当25%翼展处的翼型相对厚度为0.246时额定功率最大,叶片质量则随翼型相对厚度增大而减小。 (6)分别以风能效率最大化、风能效率成本最小和叶片质量最小为设计目标,建立了基于多学科可靠性优化设计模型,对叶片翼型相对厚度和0。玻璃钢铺层厚度进行优化设计,优化结果表明适当牺牲叶片风能效率,可大幅减轻叶片的质量,从而降低风能成本。
[Abstract]:On the other hand , with the development of new material and new manufacturing technology , the traditional safety factor method may be too conservative or unsafe . On the other hand , with the development of new material and new manufacturing technology , the traditional safety factor method may be too conservative or unsafe . On the other hand , with the development of new material and new manufacturing process , the traditional safety factor method may be too conservative or unsafe .

( 1 ) aerodynamic performance - based aerodynamic shape optimization design , first design the basic parameters of the blade , including the tip speed ratio , the airfoil , etc . , and calculate the aerodynamic data of the airfoil , then use the blade momentum theory to optimize the chord length and twist angle , and the rated power of the initial blade reaches 2.65MW .

( 2 ) Based on the structural strength of wind turbine blade optimization design , first select the form and material of the blade structure , then establish the optimal design model based on the safety factor method , and optimize the thickness of the layer of 0 . The design results show that the blade thickness and mass distribution meet the actual situation and the deflection is relatively small .

( 3 ) Based on the second - order moment method , the reliability calculation method of blade bending stress is established , and the influence degree of material performance on reliability is explored .

( 4 ) Based on the aerodynamic analysis software and BEM theory of XFOIL airfoil , a mathematical model for obtaining the rated power from the relative thickness of the airfoil is established , which is prepared for the multi - disciplinary reliability optimization design model .

( 5 ) The coupling relation of aerodynamic performance and blade mass is studied . The rated power of the inner ring of the blade decreases with the increase of the relative thickness of the airfoil . When the relative thickness of the airfoil at 25 % span is 0.246 , the rated power is the largest , and the blade mass decreases with the increase of the relative thickness of the airfoil .

( 6 ) Based on the maximum wind energy efficiency , the minimum cost of wind energy efficiency and the minimum blade quality , a multi - disciplinary reliability optimization design model is established , the relative thickness of the blade airfoil and the thickness of the layer of glass fiber are optimized , and the optimization results show that the wind energy efficiency of the blades is properly sacrificed , and the quality of the blades can be greatly reduced , so that the wind energy cost can be reduced .

【学位授予单位】：浙江工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：TH43

【参考文献】