航天轴承的故障诊断的方法研究及系统开发

发布时间：2018-04-24 22:10

本文选题：摩擦力矩 + 故障诊断　；参考：《河南科技大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：航天轴承是对摩擦力矩要求最高的一类轴承。其中陀螺仪框架灵敏轴承的启动摩擦力矩和动态摩擦力矩的大小以及稳定性对陀螺仪表的指示精度和稳定性都起着重要的作用,进而对控制系统性能和航天器安全也起着重要的作用。对于微型航天灵敏轴承来讲,内外圈沟道圆度、粗糙度、磨削丝流、径向游隙以及沟道形状等方面的加工缺陷和表面划伤都会影响轴承的启动和运转力矩,使轴承摩擦力矩出现“大点”,“死点”以及波动性,甚至造成卡球。所以,通过研究分析,采用多种有效的方法对由这些因素造成的航天轴承故障的诊断是十分必要的,对于提高航天轴承的质量,保障航天器的寿命和可靠性,减少经济损失具有重大的现实意义。鉴于摩擦力矩对陀螺仪框架灵敏轴承工作状况的重要作用,本文采用LSD-I型动态摩擦力矩测试仪采集了两种型号该类轴承的动态摩擦力矩波形图,对内外圈沟道形状不好、内圈圆度不好、内圈粗糙度不好、内外圈磨削丝流等单一缺陷各相应的摩擦力矩波形进行了分析研究。运用傅里叶变换、小波分析和统计学等数学工具进行时域频域分析,概率密度函数分析,功率谱分析,包络谱分析以及其它参数的计算,力图找到针对各种缺陷的波形特征,从而得出用航天轴承摩擦力矩特征诊断其工艺缺陷的初步判据,并形成了有效的诊断方法。最后用LabVIEW软件初步做了故障诊断系统的开发,并进行了验证。航天轴承摩擦力矩的影响因素多,涉及面广,随机性比较强,相互作用复杂,以及对环境工况极其敏感,是个难度很大的研究课题。本文是在前人研究的基础上做出了进一步的研究分析,初步找出了诊断该类灵敏轴承单一缺陷的有效的方法,并且在软件开发系统中进行了验证,这为依据摩擦力矩进行航天轴承故障诊断的深入研究打下了基础。
[Abstract]:Space bearing is a kind of bearing which requires the highest friction moment. Among them, the starting friction moment and dynamic friction moment of the gyroscope frame sensitive bearing and the stability of the gyroscope are very important to the precision and stability of the gyroscope instrument. Furthermore, it plays an important role in control system performance and spacecraft safety. For micro spaceflight sensitive bearings, machining defects and surface scratches in such aspects as raceway roundness, roughness, grinding wire flow, radial clearance and groove shape of the inner and outer ring will all affect the starting and running torque of the bearing. Causes the bearing friction torque to appear "big spot", "dead point" and the fluctuation, even causes the ball. Therefore, through research and analysis, it is necessary to use various effective methods to diagnose the failure of space bearing caused by these factors, which is necessary to improve the quality of space bearing and ensure the life and reliability of spacecraft. Reducing economic losses is of great practical significance. In view of the important effect of friction torque on the working condition of gyroscope frame sensitive bearings, the dynamic friction torque waveform of two types of bearings is collected by using LSD-I dynamic friction torque tester, which is not good for the inner and outer ring groove shape. The internal circle roundness, inner ring roughness, internal ring grinding wire flow and other single defects of friction torque waveform were analyzed and studied. Using Fourier transform, wavelet analysis and statistics and other mathematical tools to analyze the time-domain frequency domain, probability density function analysis, power spectrum analysis, envelope spectrum analysis and other parameters calculation, trying to find out the waveform characteristics for various defects. Thus, a preliminary criterion for diagnosing the technological defects with the friction torque characteristics of spaceflight bearings is obtained, and an effective diagnostic method is formed. Finally, the fault diagnosis system is developed with LabVIEW software and verified. There are many factors affecting friction moment of space bearing, which involves a wide range of aspects, is relatively strong randomness, complex interaction, and extremely sensitive to environmental conditions, it is a very difficult research topic. On the basis of previous research, this paper makes further research and analysis, and preliminarily finds out the effective method to diagnose the single defect of this kind of sensitive bearing, and verifies it in the software development system. This lays a foundation for the further research of space bearing fault diagnosis based on friction moment.
【学位授予单位】：河南科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：V229.2;TH165.3

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