钢丝绳变幅起重机臂架系统事故坠落失效分析

发布时间：2018-04-29 09:32

本文选题：变幅系统 + 事故失效分析　；参考：《武汉理工大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：起重机械是机械设备中蕴藏危险因素较多,易发事故几率较大的典型危险机械之一。国内外每年都因起重设备作业造成大量的人身伤亡事故灾害,损失较大。大型的钢丝绳变幅臂架类起重机目前较多地应用于各大小港口,根据吊具的不同可以分别进行散货或标准集装箱的装卸。但因为各种原因,在使用过程中不时会发生各样的安全事故,其中由于变幅系统的失效而导致的事故占有一定的比例。因此对大型的钢丝绳变幅臂架起重机变幅系统进行事故失效分析,可以对以后的设计使用提供指导意见,并预防此类事故再次发生。本论文主要的工作内容包括如下： (1)介绍单臂架门座起重机的主要组成部分及其各自的结构特点,主要介绍了门座起重机的臂架结构和变幅驱动系统。 (2)分析介绍钢丝绳变幅的单臂架门座起重机变幅系统的事故失效情况类别,其事故的严重程度决定了所引发后果的损失情况,最严重的情况下会导致臂架坠落,造成很大的财务损失和人员伤害。 (3)运用动力学的知识分析得出起重机的动力学特点、及其动力学相关问题的研究策略与方法。同时对门座起重机的臂架系统进行动力学的分析,在对臂架系统模型进行简化的前提下,建立臂架系统的动力学微分方程。 (4)用Solidworks三维建模软件里建臂架的三维模型,然后转换为XT格式的文件在ANSYS/LS-DYNA中打开,并经过处理得到可以进行非线性分析的臂架几何模型。然后在ANSYS/LS-DYNA中对几何模型附属性并划分,得到臂架有限元模型。 (5)对臂架有限元模型进行求解设置,求解臂架在两个位置发生事故开始坠落,并与地面发生碰撞后臂架结构的受应力情况和变形情况等。
[Abstract]:Lifting machinery is one of the typical dangerous machinery which contains many dangerous factors and is prone to accidents. A large number of personal casualties and losses are caused by lifting equipment operation at home and abroad every year. Large wire rope jib cranes are widely used in ports of different sizes and can be used to load and unload bulk cargo or standard containers according to different hoists. However, due to various reasons, a variety of safety accidents occur from time to time in the process of use, among which the accidents caused by the failure of the amplitude change system occupy a certain proportion. Therefore, the failure analysis of large steel rope jib crane luffing system can provide guidance for design and use in the future, and prevent this kind of accidents from happening again. The main contents of this thesis are as follows: This paper introduces the main components of single-arm gantry crane and their respective structural characteristics, mainly introduces the jib structure of portal crane and the driving system of changing amplitude. (2) analyzing and introducing the failure category of the single jib gantry crane luffing system with steel wire rope, the severity of the accident determines the loss of the consequence, and in the most serious case, it will lead to the fall of the jib. Causing great financial losses and personnel injuries. 3) the characteristics of crane dynamics and the research strategies and methods of dynamics related problems are obtained by using dynamics knowledge analysis. At the same time, the dynamic analysis of the jib system of portal crane is carried out, and the dynamic differential equation of the jib system is established on the premise of simplifying the jib system model. 4) the 3D model of the boom is built in the Solidworks 3D modeling software, and then the file in XT format is opened in ANSYS/LS-DYNA, and the geometric model of the boom can be analyzed by processing. Then, the finite element model of the boom is obtained by dividing the attributes of the geometric model in ANSYS/LS-DYNA. Finally, the finite element model of the boom is set up to solve the stress and deformation of the boom structure after collision with the ground.
【学位授予单位】：武汉理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：TH21

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