基于PLC和变频器的对旋风机防喘振系统研究

发布时间：2018-05-08 05:23

本文选题：对旋风机 + 喘振　；参考：《安徽理工大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：对旋风机是由两个相同型号的风机串联在一起组成的,两级叶轮相距很近,紧紧地排列在一起,彼此之间旋转方向相反,第Ⅰ级叶轮中的气流旋绕恰好被第Ⅱ级叶轮抵消,主要应用于公路、铁路和煤矿等地下工程隧道的施工或局部需要强制通风的场合。文中绪论部分简单介绍了变频调速技术国内外的现状,列出了本课题的研究内容以及研究意义,为后面的理论和实验提供了研究方向¨。对旋风机是特殊的轴流式风机,比较容易发生喘振,喘振是风机的一种不稳定工况,发生喘振时,风机噪音明显增大,机身震动增强,气流会发生强烈脉动,强烈的脉动气流有可能会折断叶片,造成风机严重损坏,甚至会危及工作人员的人身安全,所以解决风机喘振是非常重要也是非常有意义的。本文首先从理论上分析了对旋风机和普通风机速度三角形的区别,从微观和宏观两个方面分析了风机喘振发生的机理,从速度三角形分析,提出了一种解决对旋风机喘振的可能性方法,并通过实验对解决对旋风机喘振的方法进行了研究。本文首先通过手动变频调速实验,测试得到一系列风机在不同频率下运行的实验数据,然后用Matlab对实验数据进行处理,实验结果说明对对旋风机Ⅰ级叶轮进行变频调速可以削弱或消除喘振现象是可行的,也完全验证了本文提出的解决对旋风机喘振的理论分析。在手动变频调速实验成功的基础上,本文介绍了一个自动变频调速防喘振系统的设计方法,采用模块化设计,对系统的各个硬件模块进行了详细的介绍,对实验数据进行了数据标定,对自动变频实验设置了安全值,并用组态王软件设计控制界面,对整个自动变频调速防喘振系统进行监控。自动变频调速系统各硬件软件就绪后开始进行实验,文中详细介绍了实验过程,并对实验的控制界面和实验结果进行了截图,由截图中的实验结果可知,整个自动变频调速防喘振实验还是很成功的。用变频调速技术来解决对旋风机喘振的效果是很明显的,意义也比较重大。既可以通过自动变频调速系统控制风机的运行状态,又可以随时防止对旋风机喘振的发生,避免对旋风机因喘振而造成事故。自动变频调速防喘方法规避了普通防喘方法的局限性,为解决对旋风机喘振提供了新的方法。
[Abstract]:The cyclone is composed of two fans of the same type in series, the two stage impellers are very close together, tightly arranged together, rotating in the opposite direction between each other, and the air swirling in the first stage impeller is exactly offset by the second stage impeller. It is mainly used in the construction of underground tunnels, such as highway, railway and coal mine, or in places where forced ventilation is required. The introduction of this paper briefly introduces the current situation of frequency conversion speed regulation technology at home and abroad, lists the research content and significance of this subject, and provides the research direction for the later theory and experiment. The whirlwind is a special axial flow fan, which is easy to surge. Surge is an unstable condition of the fan. When surge occurs, the fan noise increases obviously, the fuselage vibration increases, and the airflow fluctuates strongly. The strong pulsating airflow may break the blade, cause serious damage to the fan and even endanger the personal safety of the staff, so it is very important and meaningful to solve the surge of the fan. In this paper, the difference of velocity triangle between cyclone machine and ordinary fan is analyzed theoretically, the mechanism of fan surge is analyzed from micro and macro aspects, and the velocity triangle is analyzed. In this paper, a possible method to solve the surge of cyclone is put forward, and the method of solving surge of cyclone is studied by experiment. In this paper, a series of experimental data of fan running at different frequencies are obtained by manual frequency conversion experiment, and then the experimental data are processed by Matlab. The experimental results show that it is feasible to reduce or eliminate the surge phenomenon by frequency conversion speed regulation of the first stage impeller of the cyclone, and the theoretical analysis to solve the surge of the cyclone proposed in this paper is fully verified. On the basis of the successful experiment of manual frequency conversion speed regulation, this paper introduces the design method of an automatic frequency conversion speed regulating anti-surge system. The modular design is adopted, and the hardware modules of the system are introduced in detail. The experiment data is calibrated, the safety value is set up for the automatic frequency conversion experiment, and the control interface is designed by using Kingview software to monitor the whole anti-surge system of automatic frequency conversion speed regulation. After the hardware and software of the automatic frequency conversion speed regulating system are ready, the experiment process is introduced in detail, and the control interface and the experimental results of the experiment are taken by screenshots, which can be seen from the experimental results in the screenshots. The whole anti-surge experiment of automatic frequency conversion speed regulation is very successful. The effect of frequency conversion speed regulation on surge of cyclone is obvious, and it is of great significance. It can not only control the running state of the fan through the automatic frequency conversion speed regulation system, but also prevent the surge of the cyclone from happening at any time, and avoid the accident caused by the surge of the cyclone. The method of automatic frequency conversion and anti-panting avoids the limitation of general anti-surge method and provides a new method to solve the surge of cyclone.
【学位授予单位】：安徽理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：TH43

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