离心式压缩机建模及仿真研究

发布时间：2018-05-15 09:02

本文选题：离心压缩机 + 动力学模型　；参考：《东北大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：离心式压缩机能够满足工业上对气体压缩的需求,随着工业发展的继续,其应用范围越来越广泛。然而长期以来,离心式压缩机始终存在着一些不可避免的缺点,如整机的效率不高,稳定工况较窄和随着工况的变化往往会发生喘振等现象。因此,分析和了解压缩机内部能量传递情况,详细探讨并建立用于实际生产的离心式压缩机模型是十分必要的。本文以某大型煤气系统中离心压缩机为研究对象,基于Greitzer压缩机理论模型,结合设备工艺参数和过程运行数据,建立了实际过程中的压缩机模型,在对模型参数进行灵敏度分析的基础上,提出了模型参数辨识和模型校正策略。在利用实际模型进行问题分析时,模型中包含有很多参数和变量,其中某些参数和变量的微小变化可能对模型产生巨大影响,而另一些参数或变量的变化可能影响很小或几乎无影响。通过引入参数灵敏度分析方法,分析出对模型影响较大的关键参数。利用参数灵敏度分析的结果,文中又进一步进行了两部分的探讨：基于灵敏度分析的参数辨识和基于灵敏度分析的模型校正策略。在基于灵敏度分析的参数辨识部分,分析了辨识的必要性,在保证模型精度的前提下,进一步提高了辨识效率,且参数辨识后的模型精度明显改善很多。基于灵敏度分析的模型校正是灵敏度分析的进一步延伸,包含短期校正策略和长期校正策略。由于长期校正需要大量的过程数据和较长的时间,这里主要考虑了短期校正。在短期校正中,包含模型偏差校正和模型中非几何参数的修正两部分,利用模型偏差和参数灵敏度大小进行校正,能够有效的解决模型短暂的精度达不到要求的问题。本文的研究工作在一定程度上为提高离心式压缩机应用模型的精度提供了一些建设性意见。只有在保证模型精度的前提下,才能相对准确地描述出整个压缩系统的喘振曲线,最终为解决喘振问题提供一些参考。
[Abstract]:Centrifugal compressor can meet the demand of gas compression in industry. With the development of industry, its application is more and more extensive. However, for a long time, the centrifugal compressor always has some inevitable shortcomings, such as the efficiency of the whole machine is not high, the stable condition is narrow and the surge often occurs with the change of the working conditions. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze and understand the internal energy transfer of the compressor, and to discuss and establish the centrifugal compressor model for practical production. In this paper, the centrifugal compressor in a large gas system is taken as the research object. Based on the theoretical model of Greitzer compressor, combined with the process parameters and operation data of the equipment, the compressor model in the actual process is established. Based on the sensitivity analysis of model parameters, a model parameter identification and model correction strategy is proposed. When using the actual model to analyze the problem, the model contains a lot of parameters and variables, some of which may have a great impact on the model. Changes in other parameters or variables may have little or no effect. By introducing the method of parameter sensitivity analysis, the key parameters which have a great influence on the model are analyzed. Based on the results of parameter sensitivity analysis, two parts are further discussed in this paper: parameter identification based on sensitivity analysis and model correction strategy based on sensitivity analysis. In the part of parameter identification based on sensitivity analysis, the necessity of identification is analyzed. On the premise of ensuring model precision, the identification efficiency is further improved, and the model precision after parameter identification is obviously improved. Model correction based on sensitivity analysis is a further extension of sensitivity analysis, which includes short-term correction strategy and long-term correction strategy. Because long-term correction requires a lot of process data and a long time, short-term correction is considered. In the short-term correction, there are two parts: model deviation correction and model non-geometric parameter correction. The model deviation and parameter sensitivity are used to correct the model, which can effectively solve the problem that the short-term accuracy of the model can not meet the requirements. The research work in this paper provides some constructive suggestions for improving the precision of centrifugal compressor application model to some extent. Only when the precision of the model is guaranteed, the surge curve of the whole compression system can be described relatively accurately, and finally some references can be provided for solving the surge problem.
【学位授予单位】：东北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：TH452

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