基于有限体积法的高速电主轴热态特性分析

发布时间：2018-05-17 03:03

本文选题：高速电主轴 + 热态特性　；参考：《哈尔滨工业大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：高速电主轴作为高速机床的核心部件,它的性能直接影响到机床加工精度。高速电主轴配有内置式电机,省去了动力传输环节,实现“零传动”。这种形式的高速电主轴具有结构紧凑,振动小,良好的响应特性等优点。但由于这种内置电机的电主轴在高转速下工作,因而其热特性成为研究的热点问题之一。本文所用高速电主轴在6000r/min运转时,发生了轴承烧伤的现象,分析其主要原因是在未达到要求的动平衡精度的条件下润滑不充分,因此需要深入研究冷却润滑系统中的流体对于高速电主轴的热态特性的影响,从而提出合理的主轴使用策略,更有效地控制主轴温度。本文主要研究了高速电主轴热源的热态特性,特别是冷却润滑系统中的流体对热源热态特性的影响。首先,系统的研究了高速电主轴的热源及其发热机理,计算了陶瓷角接触球轴承在不同转速下的发热量,以及影响轴承发热因素和规律,并用MATLAB编制计算轴承发热量的程序,此外简要分析了高速电主轴传热及散热机制。其次,结合有限体积法软件,建立电主轴热源模型,分析得出电主轴电机内部螺旋水道中三维流体流场分布规律及其对热源的影响规律;分析得出电主轴轴承腔内油-气两相流体流场分布规律,及其对热源的影响规律。最后,通过开展现场动平衡实验,来提高电主轴的动平衡精度,研究高速电主轴动平衡精度对其温升的影响;为电主轴制定了合理的冷却润滑参数,对电主轴进行现场温升实验,验证了冷却润滑参数的合理性。
[Abstract]:The high - speed electric spindle is the core part of high - speed machine tool , its performance directly affects the machining precision of the machine tool . The high - speed electric main shaft is equipped with built - in motor , the power transmission link is saved , and the " zero transmission " is realized . However , the high - speed electric main shaft has the advantages of compact structure , small vibration and good response characteristic . However , because the electric main shaft of the built - in motor works at high speed , its thermal characteristic becomes one of the hot issues of the study .

In this paper , the phenomenon of bearing burn has occurred during the operation of 6000r / min . The main reason of this paper is to study the influence of fluid in cooling and lubrication system on the hot state characteristics of high - speed electric spindle , so as to put forward a reasonable strategy of spindle usage and control the temperature of main shaft . This paper mainly studies the thermal characteristics of high - speed electric spindle heat source , especially the influence of fluid on heat state of heat source .

Firstly , the heat source and the heating mechanism of the high - speed electric spindle are studied systematically , the heat generation of the ceramic angular contact ball bearing at different speeds is calculated , and the heating factors and laws of the bearing are calculated , and the program for calculating the calorific value of the bearing is worked out by MATLAB , and the heat transfer and heat dissipation mechanism of the high - speed electric spindle is also briefly analyzed .

Secondly , based on the finite volume method software , an electric spindle heat source model is established , and the distribution law of the three - dimensional fluid flow field in the spiral water channel in the electric spindle motor and its influence on the heat source are analyzed . The distribution law of the fluid flow field in the oil - gas two - phase fluid in the main shaft bearing cavity is analyzed and the influence law of the oil - gas two - phase fluid flow field on the heat source is obtained .

Finally , by carrying out on - site dynamic balance experiment to improve the dynamic balance precision of the electric spindle , the influence of dynamic balance precision on the temperature rise of the high - speed electric spindle is studied ; the reasonable cooling and lubrication parameters are set for the electric main shaft , and the temperature rise experiment on the electric main shaft is carried out , and the rationality of the cooling lubricating parameter is verified .
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：TH133.2

【参考文献】