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汽轮机驱动离心式压缩机的调节系统设计

发布时间:2018-05-20 10:31

  本文选题:离心压缩机 + 汽轮机 ; 参考:《东北大学》2012年硕士论文


【摘要】:透平式离心式压缩机是一种高速旋转机械,是工业生产中的关键设备,应用范围广泛。作为一种工业装备,它广泛应用于石油、化工、天然气管线,制冷和冶炼等诸多重要部门。其安全运行与整个装置的可靠性直接影响着经济效益。 由于近年来工业发展迅速,汽轮机作原动机驱动压缩机的组合能够满足用户各种复杂工况的需要。以往汽轮机外带Wood Ward505E电子调速器来实现汽轮机的转速控制,随着工业的迅猛发展,微处理器、计算机和数字通信技术也发展迅速,产生了大型透平压缩机组综合控制系统(ITCC)。ITCC将传统上需要多个分立仪表如防喘振调节器、联锁自保系统、电子调速器、负荷调节器等实现的功能集成在一套可靠性极高的三重模件(TMR)冗余容错控制系统中完成,因此减少了各个系统间的连接和故障率,降低了长周期运行成本,并提供了先进的控制技术和良好的监控界面。 本文以汽轮机驱动的透平式离心压缩机为研究对象,通过ITCC完成了如下调速有关的设计内容: (1)分析了离心式压缩机的工作原理,全面的设计出一套针对压缩机防喘振、调速控制等方面的控制系统方案,并解决了防喘振与调速之间的耦合关系。同时,通过压力/流量控制器和速度控制器的串联控制设计,实现了适应工艺管网参数变化的调节转速系统。 (2)陈述了汽轮机工作原理和汽轮机调速系统的硬件组成,完备的设计出一套调速控制系统来实现汽轮机拖动压缩机的启动、运行、超速、停车等功能。为压缩机组的稳定运行提供了保障。 (3)设计的调节系统在实际产品项目的应用,验证了本套调节系统设计的合理与可行性。 整个调节系统体系结构简洁、易于维护和扩展、响应速度快、控制精确、人机界面友好,机组调速控制合理,可以有效改善传统节流调节控制策略造成的能源浪费现象,具备良好的应用前景。
[Abstract]:Turbine centrifugal compressor is a kind of high-speed rotating machine, which is the key equipment in industrial production and is widely used. As an industrial equipment, it is widely used in petroleum, chemical, natural gas pipeline, refrigeration and smelting and many other important sectors. Its safe operation and the reliability of the whole device directly affect the economic benefits. Due to the rapid development of industry in recent years, the combination of steam turbine as prime mover drive compressor can meet the needs of users under various complex working conditions. In the past, Wood Ward505E electronic governor was used to control the speed of steam turbine. With the rapid development of industry, microprocessor, computer and digital communication technology also developed rapidly. The integrated control system of the large turbine compressor unit ITCC. ITCC will traditionally require multiple discrete instruments such as anti-surge regulator, interlocking self-protection system, electronic governor, The functions of load regulator and so on are integrated into a highly reliable TMR-redundancy fault-tolerant control system, which reduces the connection and failure rate of each system, and reduces the long period operation cost. And provide advanced control technology and good monitoring interface. In this paper, the turbine centrifugal compressor driven by steam turbine is taken as the research object, and the design contents of the following speed regulation are completed by ITCC: 1) the working principle of centrifugal compressor is analyzed, a set of control system is designed for compressor anti-surge and speed regulation control, and the coupling relationship between anti-surge and speed regulation is solved. At the same time, through the series control design of the pressure / flow controller and the speed controller, the adjustable rotational speed system adapted to the change of the process pipe network parameters is realized. In this paper, the working principle of steam turbine and the hardware composition of speed regulating system of steam turbine are stated. A set of speed control system is designed to realize the functions of starting, running, overspeed and stopping of steam turbine drive compressor. It provides a guarantee for the stable operation of the compressor unit. The application of the designed regulation system in the actual product project verifies the reasonableness and feasibility of the design of the adjustment system. The system structure is simple, easy to maintain and extend, fast response, accurate control, friendly man-machine interface, reasonable speed control of the unit, which can effectively improve the energy waste caused by the traditional throttling control strategy. It has good application prospect.
【学位授予单位】:东北大学
【学位级别】:硕士
【学位授予年份】:2012
【分类号】:TH452

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