内外爆气控阀的研究

发布时间：2018-05-25 22:31

本文选题：油井测位 + 高压气动　；参考：《浙江大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：高压气动系统因其特有能量密度高和爆发力强等特性在武器装备和回声测距等领域得到广泛的应用。油井液面测量对于油井开采有着重大参考意义,而气控阀是通过气体发声用于油井测位的关键部件,广泛用于各个油田开采。鉴于已有的油井测位气控阀存在结构复杂,不能自动控制等特点,而且很少有人对用于该领域的阀进行理论研究。本文对用于油井测位的气控阀进行了探索性研究,研制了一种内外爆气控阀,并系统分析了内外爆气控阀的工作机理。本论文的主要内容如下：第一章概述了气动技术的优缺点以及内外爆气控阀相关技术的发展状况,阐述了课题的来源和研究意义,并提出了本文要开展的主要工作和难点及创新之处。第二章概述了气控阀回声测距的工作原理,并得出气控阀的设计要求。说明了本文研制的内外爆气控阀的工作原理和结构特点。该阀利用高速小流量小通径的先导阀去驱动大流量大通径的主阀芯。主阀芯采用三级台阶式的差压面积结构设计,并通过阻尼孔将高压腔和控制腔连接起来,以便实现工作状态下主阀芯自动气复位和气密封。第三章深入研究了内外爆气控阀的动态特性,提出以控制腔充放气压力转折点为标志,通过控制腔的压力特性来描述气控阀的动态特性。基于热力学、运动学及气压传动等理论上详细建立了内外爆气控阀系统的数学模型。通过仿真对阻尼孔通径、控制腔体积等影响内外爆气控阀动态特性的因素进行了分析和优化。第四章搭建了内外爆气控阀的实验系统。实验证明,该内外爆气控阀在原理上是可行的,能够实现内外爆为一体。在上游压力为9bar的情况下,内爆工作模式和外爆工作模式主阀芯的开启时间分别为13ms和8ms,能够满足内外爆气控阀的性能要求。实验分析了先导阀通径、阻尼孔节流面积、上下游工作压力和控制腔体积对阀芯动态响应特性的影响。通过在内爆模式下进行仿真曲线和实验曲线的对比来验证仿真模型的正确性。第五章对全文的工作进行了总结,并展望了后续的工作。
[Abstract]:High pressure pneumatic system has been widely used in weapon equipment and echo ranging because of its high energy density and strong explosive force. Oil well level measurement is of great reference significance for oil well production, and gas control valve is the key component of oil well location measurement by gas sound, and is widely used in various oil fields. In view of the fact that the existing gas control valves for oil wells are complex in structure and can not be automatically controlled, there are few theoretical studies on the valves used in this field. In this paper, an exploratory study on the gas control valve used in oil well position measurement is carried out, a kind of internal and external explosion gas control valve is developed, and the working mechanism of the internal and external explosion gas control valve is analyzed systematically. The main contents of this thesis are as follows: The first chapter summarizes the advantages and disadvantages of the pneumatic technology and the development of the internal and external explosion valve related technologies, expounds the source and research significance of the subject, and puts forward the main work, difficulties and innovations to be carried out in this paper. In the second chapter, the working principle of echo ranging of gas control valve is summarized, and the design requirements of gas control valve are obtained. The working principle and structure characteristics of the internal and external explosion valve developed in this paper are explained. The valve uses high-speed, small-flow, small-diameter pilot valves to drive large-flow Chase-diameter main spools. The main valve core is designed with three-stage differential pressure area structure, and the high pressure cavity and control cavity are connected by damping hole to realize automatic gas reset and gas seal of the main valve core in working state. In the third chapter, the dynamic characteristics of the internal and external explosion valve are studied in depth, and the dynamic characteristics of the gas controlled valve are described by the pressure characteristic of the control chamber, which is marked by the turning point of the pressure of the control chamber. Based on thermodynamics, kinematics and pneumatic transmission, the mathematical model of internal and external explosion valve system is established in detail. The factors affecting the dynamic characteristics of the internal and external explosion valve such as the diameter of the damping hole and the volume of the control chamber are analyzed and optimized by simulation. In chapter 4, the experimental system of internal and external explosion valve is built. The experimental results show that the inner and outer explosion control valve is feasible in principle and can realize the internal and external explosion as a whole. When the upstream pressure is 9bar, the opening time of the main valve core in the implosion mode and the external exploding mode is 13ms and 8msrespectively, which can meet the performance requirements of the internal and external explosion gas control valve. The effects of pilot valve diameter, throttle area of damping hole, upstream and downstream working pressure and control chamber volume on the dynamic response characteristics of valve core were analyzed experimentally. The correctness of the simulation model is verified by comparing the simulation curve with the experimental curve in implosion mode. The fifth chapter summarizes the work of the full text, and looks forward to the follow-up work.
【学位授予单位】：浙江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：TH134

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