大型汽轮发电机组碰摩故障的研究与分析

发布时间：2018-05-28 05:14

本文选题：汽轮发电机组 + 动静碰摩　；参考：《华北电力大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：碰摩故障是大型旋转机械中最常见的故障之一,特别是在汽轮发电机组的故障当中。据统计,碰摩故障占机组故障的86%之多。碰摩故障不仅能够直接影响机组的工作状态,它还是其它故障的诱因。例如碰摩故障发生时会在摩擦点处产生大量的热量并被转子吸收。这就会使得转子径向受热不均而引起热弯曲,如果摩擦比较严重,就会产生更多的热量使转子发生比较大的热弯曲,那么就可能引起机组的停机或部件的损坏,甚至导致更加恶劣的后果。研究碰摩故障的原因、特征对碰摩故障的准确诊断并提出有效的解决措施是至关重要的。本文通过大量的实际案例的分析总结,对机组碰摩故障的原因、特征以及解决措施做出了详细的总结和介绍。从工程实际的角度,并通过与其它故障诊断方法的对比分析,本文详细的介绍了振动诊断法的优势所在,并介绍了振动诊断法的诊断原理。本文最后还通过对故障模式及后果分析(FMEA)故障树分析法(FTA)的分析对比,并根据对碰摩故障发生时振动趋势的变化,将碰摩故障分为波动型、凸起型和陡升型三种,通过对这三种类型做的详细介绍和对比,总结设计出了一套碰摩故障的辅助诊断流程图,根据故障的波形振动趋势对三种不同类型的故障形式做出详细的判断,并通过在实际案例中的综合应用详细介绍了这此流程图的有效性。
[Abstract]:Rubbing fault is one of the most common faults in large rotating machinery, especially in the fault of turbine generator set. According to statistics, rubbing fault accounts for more than 86% of the failure of the unit. The rubbing fault can not only directly affect the working state of the unit, but also the cause of other faults. For example, when the rubbing fault occurs, it will occur at the friction point. A large amount of heat is absorbed by the rotor. This will cause the rotor to heat unevenly and cause the heat to bend. If the friction is more serious, more heat will be produced to make the rotor more hot. Then it may cause the failure of the unit or the damage of the components and even lead to worse consequences. Accurate diagnosis of rubbing faults and effective solutions are essential.
Through the analysis and summary of a large number of practical cases, this paper makes a detailed summary and introduction to the causes, characteristics and solutions of the unit's rubbing faults. From the point of view of the engineering practice and by comparison with other fault diagnosis methods, this paper introduces the advantages of the vibration diagnosis method in detail, and introduces the vibration diagnosis method. At the end of this paper, through the analysis and comparison of fault pattern and consequence analysis (FMEA) fault tree analysis (FTA), and according to the change of the vibration trend when the rubbing fault occurs, the rubbing faults are divided into three kinds of wave type, convex type and steep rise type. Through the detailed introduction and comparison of the three types, a summary and design is made. The auxiliary diagnosis flow chart of the rubbing fault is set, and the three different types of fault forms are judged in detail according to the wave vibration trend of the fault, and the effectiveness of the flow chart is introduced in detail through the comprehensive application in the actual case.
【学位授予单位】：华北电力大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TM311;TH165.3

【参考文献】