参数化有限元在大型机械结构分析与仿真中的应用研究

发布时间：2018-05-28 11:52

本文选题：桥式起重机 + 参数化有限元　；参考：《上海交通大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：桥式起重机作为应用最广泛的起重运输机械,在交通、冶金、矿山、港口码头、核电单位等各个部门都有广泛的应用,是工业生产中必不可少的机械设备。但目前国内的桥式起重机的设计大部分还停留在半经验半理论阶段,手段还不完善,不仅耗时耗力,而且设计效率低下,整体技术含量偏低。尤其表现在核电站使用的环行桥式起重机(核环吊)上,目前国内只有三家企业具有设计和生产核环吊的能力。本文的研究正是为了提高桥式起重机的设计水平和效率,运用参数化有限元技术对桥式起重机进行了有限元分析,得到一套可靠的有限元仿真分析方案。在此基础上利用TCL/TK图形界面开发工具将参数化有限元技术结合起来,在有限元软件ANSYS基础上开发出了一套专用的桥式起重机主梁参数化设计与分析系统。最后应用该软件系统,对同类型的桥式增大跨度和改变截面提出了初步的设计方案。本文主要研究内容如下: (1)利用参数化设计语言APDL编写了1901号桥式起重机主梁有限元分析全过程的参数化程序,并根据实际情况对主梁进行了静力学分析,得到关键点的应力值; (2)将各个关键点的计算应力值与实测应力值进行了比较,并对比较结果进行了分析,最终确定了合理的桥式起重机主梁仿真分析方案; (3)运用图形界面开发工具TCL/TK,开发出了一套简单易用的桥式起重机主梁参数化设计与分析系统,该系统嵌套入ANSYS能实现主梁参数化设计与分析的全过程; (4)利用软件系统简单易用且快捷的特点,得到了主梁关键部位的改进结构,并得到增大主梁跨度的初步设计方案,对软件系统的使用作了进一步的说明。
[Abstract]:Bridge crane, as the most widely used lifting and transportation machinery, is widely used in transportation, metallurgy, mining, port and wharf, nuclear power units and other departments. It is an indispensable mechanical equipment in industrial production. However, most of the design of bridge crane in China is still in the semi-empirical and semi-theoretical stage, the means are not perfect, not only time-consuming and labor-consuming, but also the design efficiency is low, and the overall technical content is low. Especially in the ring bridge crane (nuclear ring crane) used in nuclear power plant, only three enterprises in China have the ability to design and produce nuclear ring crane. In this paper, in order to improve the design level and efficiency of the bridge crane, the parametric finite element method is used to analyze the bridge crane, and a set of reliable finite element simulation analysis scheme is obtained. On this basis, a special parametric design and analysis system for the main girder of bridge crane is developed on the basis of the finite element software ANSYS, using the TCL/TK graphical interface development tool to combine the parameterized finite element technology. Finally, using the software system, a preliminary design scheme is proposed for the same type of bridge type to increase the span and change the cross section. The main contents of this paper are as follows: 1) the parameterized program of finite element analysis of the main girder of 1901 bridge crane is compiled by using parametric design language APDL, and the static analysis of the main girder is carried out according to the actual situation, and the stress values of the key points are obtained. 2) the calculated stress values of each key point are compared with the measured stress values, and the comparison results are analyzed. Finally, the reasonable simulation analysis scheme of bridge crane main girder is determined. 3) A simple and easy to use parametric design and analysis system for the main girder of bridge crane is developed by using the graphical interface development tool TCL / TK. The system nested in ANSYS can realize the whole process of parametric design and analysis of the main girder. In this paper, the improved structure of the key part of the main beam is obtained, and the preliminary design scheme for increasing the span of the main beam is obtained. The use of the software system is further explained.
【学位授予单位】：上海交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：TH215

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