多股螺旋弹簧运动参数的检测装置及测量技术的研究

发布时间：2018-06-01 10:22

本文选题：多股螺旋弹簧 + 测量技术　；参考：《重庆大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：本文的主要研究目的是研究多股螺旋弹簧(简称多股簧)的动态运动参数包括:位移、速度、加速度。本文的研究工作是在重庆大学机械工程学院制造自动化实验室的多股螺旋弹簧数控机床上完成的。多股螺旋弹簧是由钢索(通常由3-7股直径为0.5 - 3.0 mm的碳素弹簧钢丝缠绕而成)卷制而成的圆柱螺旋弹簧。多股簧根据有没有中心线可以分为两种。其中压缩弹簧的螺旋方向与钢索的螺旋方向相反,而拉伸弹簧的螺旋方向与钢索的螺旋方向一致。迄今为止,在多股簧方面已经进行了大量的研究,其中一篇名为“多股螺旋弹簧的设计和建模”提出了基于多股簧数学模型的成型方法以及多股簧加工过程中动态张力的控制;另外一篇题为多股簧的静态响应的文章指出了决定多股簧静态张力的步骤,而多股簧是由一定数目的平滑钢丝绕成钢索后形成的。大量研究表明:和传统的单股簧相比,在一定的动态应用下多股螺旋弹簧表现出了更大的阻尼和更长的疲劳寿命。因此,多股簧动态运动参数的研究非常有意义。本文用冲击质量块冲击多股簧,通过对多股簧的某些质点进行测量计算,进行研究分析多股簧的运动参数。当多股簧被冲击时,由于各种各样的因素,每根簧丝的位移都是非常复杂的,主要影响因素有冲击块质量、弹簧的惯性和共振、簧丝之间的摩擦以及簧丝之间的滑移。为了克服这些问题,非接触、多通道的动态参数检测装置就非常有必要进行研究,主要研究内容包括:检测装置机械结构的设计,传感器的选型与安装,信号采集器的软、硬件模块设计与分析。并且设计了一种与本检测装置相配套的新的数据处理算法,来测量分析每根簧丝之间位移和时间,速度和时间,加速度和时间的关系。研究结果表明当多股簧被冲击时,每股簧丝都会产生振动。在冲击开始时,在弹簧的活动端会有一个大的变形而在固定端的变形比较小。在弹簧压缩的结束阶段,由于冲击能量以纵波的形式从多股簧的冲击点传递到固定端导致固定端产生了一个较大的变形。同时这也表明在多股簧中位移与多股簧的轴向长度是非线性关系的,速度与轴向长度也是非线性关系的。通过前述实验研究可知在多股簧的实际设计阶段,必须通过研究多股簧的冲击响应,选择合理的参数来避免簧丝产生过大的变形量。但是对于多股簧要通过理论分析是很难得到具体的计算公式,所以只能通过实验分析来进行研究。
[Abstract]:The main purpose of this paper is to study the dynamic motion parameters of multi-helical spring, including displacement, velocity and acceleration. The research work of this paper is carried out on the multi-strand helical spring NC machine tool in the Manufacturing Automation Laboratory of the School of Mechanical Engineering of Chongqing University. The multi-strand helical spring is a cylindrical helical spring made from a steel cable (usually a 3-7 carbon spring with a diameter of 0.5 to 3.0 mm in diameter). Multi-stranded springs can be divided into two types according to whether there is a central line. The helical direction of the compression spring is opposite to the helical direction of the cable, while the helical direction of the tensile spring is the same as the helical direction of the cable. Up to now, a lot of research has been done in the field of multi-strand spring, one of which is called "Design and Modeling of Multi-strand Spiral Spring". The forming method based on the mathematical model of multi-strand spring and the control of dynamic tension in the process of multi-strand spring processing are proposed. Another paper entitled static response of multi-strand spring points out the steps to determine the static tension of multi-strand spring which is formed by a certain number of smooth steel wires. A large number of studies have shown that compared with the traditional single-stranded spring, the multi-strand helical spring has a larger damping and longer fatigue life under certain dynamic application. Therefore, the study of dynamic motion parameters of multi-strand spring is of great significance. In this paper, the motion parameters of multi-strand spring are studied and analyzed by measuring and calculating some particles of multi-strand spring with impact mass block. When multi-strand spring is impacted, the displacement of each spring is very complicated due to various factors, such as the mass of impact block, the inertia and resonance of spring, the friction between spring wires and the slip between spring wires. In order to overcome these problems, it is very necessary to study the multi-channel dynamic parameter detecting device in order to overcome these problems. The main research contents include: the design of the mechanical structure of the detecting device, the selection and installation of the sensor, the soft of the signal collector, Hardware module design and analysis. A new data processing algorithm is designed to measure and analyze the relationship between displacement and time, velocity and time, acceleration and time of each spring wire. The results show that every spring will vibrate when multiple strands are impacted. At the beginning of the impact, there will be a large deformation at the active end of the spring and a smaller deformation at the fixed end. At the end of spring compression, a large deformation occurs at the fixed end due to the transmission of shock energy from the shock point of the multi-strand spring to the fixed end in the form of a longitudinal wave. It also shows that the displacement is nonlinear to the axial length of the multi-strand spring, and the velocity is also nonlinear to the axial length of the multi-strand spring. The experimental results show that in the practical design stage of the multi-strand spring, it is necessary to study the shock response of the multi-strand spring and select reasonable parameters to avoid the excessive deformation of the spring wire. However, it is difficult to obtain the specific calculation formula for the multi-strand spring by theoretical analysis, so it can only be studied by experimental analysis.
【学位授予单位】：重庆大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：TH135.1

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