静止叶片式空气压缩机的研究

发布时间：2018-06-17 04:18

本文选题：空气压缩机 + 静止叶片　；参考：《五邑大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：叶片式旋转压缩机具有体积小、重量轻、零部件少和动平衡性能好等诸多往复活塞式压缩机所无法比拟的优点,因此非常适合用作于那些对空间、重量以及振动有较高要求的小型空气压缩机。但是,传统叶片式空气压缩机长期存在机械效率低和容积效率不高等缺点,其主要原因是压缩机的主要运动副如叶片与气缸、叶片与端盖、转子与气缸以及转子与端盖之间存在有较大的相对运动速度和接触力,因而产生了较大的摩擦损耗和部件磨损,尤其是上述运动副的配合间隙往往又构成压缩机的内部泄漏通道,并由此产生较大的泄漏损失,故摩擦损耗与泄漏损失是传统叶片式旋转压缩机一直未解决的问题。本文针对传统叶片式空气压缩机存在的不足,提出一种新型静止叶片式空气压缩机,该压缩机具有一个作摆动运动的转子和一个静止不动的叶片,叶片的外端与气缸的内孔壁面密封紧固连接,叶片的两个侧端与端盖密封紧固连接,藉此降低了上述配合副的运动速度,并减少了气体从压缩腔向吸气腔窜逸的通道,故能有效地消除压缩机在这些部件之间的摩擦损耗和泄漏损失。论文介绍了压缩机的结构特点及工作原理,建立了压缩机的数学模型。研究表明：转子的扭摆惯性力矩对滑块与叶片运动副的摩擦及磨损有较大影响,应减小转子的转动惯量以降低滑块与叶片之间的接触力；转子与端盖的轴向间隙对压缩机的容积效率影响十分敏感,应采取轴向密封措施以减少转子轴端间隙处的泄漏量。本文的主要工作可以归纳为以下几个方面： 1)首先,完成了静止叶片式空气压缩机的设计研究,包括压缩机的整体结构设计、进气系统设计、排气系统设计、润滑系统设计以及关键零部件的设计,给出了缸体和转子的设计要点及设计实例,讨论了压缩机的工作原理； 2)其次,对静止叶片式空气压缩机的运动学及动力学特性进行了理论分忻,建立了压缩机的动力学模型和泄漏模型并进行了计算分析,从理论上讨论了静止叶片式空气压缩机的摩擦行为与内部泄漏规律； 3)最后,对静止叶片式空气压缩机进行了实物样机的试验研究,并对不同材质配对的转子和气缸实物样机的试验结果进行了试验分析,提出了减少静止叶片式空气压缩机摩擦损耗和泄漏损失的具体措施。
[Abstract]:The vane rotary compressor has many advantages, such as small volume, light weight, few parts and good dynamic balance, which are incomparable to many reciprocating piston compressors, so it is very suitable for use in those pairs of space. Small air compressor with high requirements for weight and vibration. However, the traditional vane air compressor has many disadvantages, such as low mechanical efficiency and low volumetric efficiency. The main reason is that the main moving pairs of the compressor, such as blades and cylinders, blades and end caps, The relative velocity and contact force between the rotor and the cylinder and between the rotor and the end cover are relatively large, resulting in a large friction loss and wear and tear of the parts. Especially, the matching clearance of the above moving pairs often constitutes the internal leakage channel of the compressor, which results in a large leakage loss. Therefore, the friction loss and leakage loss are the unsolved problems of the traditional vane rotary compressor. In this paper, a new type of static vane air compressor is proposed, which has a rotor with oscillating motion and a stationary blade. The outer end of the blade is fastened to the inner hole wall of the cylinder, and the two side ends of the blade are fastened to the seal of the end cover, thereby reducing the speed of movement of the matching pair and reducing the passage of gas escaping from the compression chamber to the suction chamber. Therefore, the friction loss and leakage loss of compressor between these parts can be effectively eliminated. This paper introduces the structure and working principle of compressor, and establishes the mathematical model of compressor. The results show that the torque of torsion and pendulum of rotor has great influence on friction and wear between slider and blade, and the moment of inertia should be reduced to reduce the contact force between slider and blade. The axial clearance between the rotor and the end cover is very sensitive to the volumetric efficiency of the compressor. The axial sealing measures should be taken to reduce the leakage of the clearance between the rotor and the end cover. The main work of this paper can be summarized as follows: 1) first of all, the design research of the static vane type air compressor has been completed, including the overall structure design of the compressor, the design of the intake system, the design of the exhaust system, Lubrication system design and key parts design. The design points and design examples of cylinder block and rotor are given. The working principle of compressor is discussed. The kinematics and dynamic characteristics of the static vane type air compressor are analyzed theoretically, the dynamic model and leakage model of the compressor are established, and the calculation and analysis are carried out. The friction behavior and internal leakage of the static vane air compressor are discussed theoretically. 3) finally, the physical prototype of the static vane air compressor is studied. The test results of different matched rotors and cylinders are analyzed, and the specific measures to reduce the friction loss and leakage loss of the static vane air compressor are put forward.
【学位授予单位】：五邑大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：TH45

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