大型风电起重维修平台设计与分析

发布时间：2018-06-17 05:39

本文选题：风电起重维修平台 + 夹紧机构　；参考：《沈阳建筑大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：在兆瓦级风机成为商业化机组主流的全球环境下,随着国内风电装机需求的增长,我国的风力发电行业在不断地迅速发展,对风力发电机日常维修的需求日益强烈,现有的维修方法仅局限于大型起重机械的吊装,无论是在环境效益还是经济效益上都是不理想的,同时还存在施工周期长,施工程度复杂化,安全水平低,甚至根本得不到保障等问题。因此研制安全系数高、施工便捷、适应性强的新型维修设备是大型风力发电机维修工程所必需的。在ANSYS中建立了风电起重维修平台吊臂的有限元模型,利用优化原理中的一阶优化方法(梯度法),以基本臂的高度、宽度、壁厚、第一节吊臂的壁厚以及第二节吊臂的壁厚为设计变量,以吊臂的刚度与强度为状态变量,并以吊臂的总体积为优化目标对吊臂进行优化,然后又对优化圆整后的的吊臂进行了静力学分析及屈曲分析,验证了吊臂的刚度与强度要求以及在额定起重量的情况下不会发生失稳。之后又完成了托盘部件的设计与有限元分析、回转支撑的选取、底架及夹紧机构的设计,并对底架与夹紧机构分多种工况进行了有限元受力分析,完成了风电起重维修平台主要结构的设计。对风电起重维修平台整体进行静力学有限元分析,计算了风电起重平台在三种典型工况下的强度与刚度,并通过位移云图、应力云图和结果数据的分析,得出风电起重维修平台的机构均满足刚度与强度的要求,掌握了风电起重维修平台在三种典型工况下的变形形式、大小及应力分布规律。除此之外,还分析了风电起重维修平台对风力发电机塔筒的影响,最终确定本文所设计的风电起重维修平台能够用于对风力发电机机舱内的零部件的吊装更换。在静力学分析的基础上对风电起重维修平台进行了模态分析,提取了前10阶的固有振动频率和前10阶的模态振型图,与提升机给予的外部频率进行对比分析,避免在实际工作中发生共振的可能性。对风电起重维修平台在工作时分为重物离开地面的瞬间、重物上升停止瞬间、重物开始下降瞬间与重物下降接触地的瞬间四种瞬时工况对风电起重维修平台进行了瞬态动力学分析,通过分析得出在每种瞬时工况下吊臂吊点处的位移响应曲线、速度响应曲线与加速度响应曲线,掌握了吊臂在以上四种工况下吊臂吊点的瞬态运动情况,这有利于操作人员更好的操纵风电起重维修平台。
[Abstract]:In the global environment where megawatt fans become the mainstream of commercial units, with the growth of domestic wind turbine demand, the wind power industry in China is developing rapidly, and the demand for daily maintenance of wind turbines is increasingly strong. The existing maintenance methods are only limited to the hoisting of large lifting machinery, which are not ideal in terms of both environmental and economic benefits. At the same time, there are also long construction cycles, complicated construction degree and low safety level. There is no guarantee at all. Therefore, it is necessary to develop new maintenance equipment with high safety factor, convenient construction and strong adaptability. In ANSYS, the finite element model of the lifting platform boom of wind power is established, and the first order optimization method (gradient method) is used in the optimization principle, which is based on the height, width, wall thickness of the basic arm. In the first section, the wall thickness of the boom and the wall thickness of the second section are taken as the design variables, the stiffness and strength of the boom are taken as the state variables, and the total volume of the boom is taken as the optimization objective to optimize the boom. Then static analysis and buckling analysis of the optimized circular boom are carried out to verify the stiffness and strength requirements of the boom and the stability will not occur in the case of rated lifting weight. After that, the design and finite element analysis of pallet parts, the selection of rotary support, the design of underframe and clamping mechanism are completed, and the finite element force analysis of the underframe and clamping mechanism is carried out in a variety of working conditions. The main structure design of wind power crane maintenance platform is completed. The static finite element analysis of the whole maintenance platform of wind power crane is carried out, and the strength and stiffness of the platform under three typical working conditions are calculated, and through the analysis of displacement cloud diagram, stress cloud diagram and result data, It is concluded that the mechanism of wind power crane maintenance platform meets the requirements of stiffness and strength, and the deformation form, size and stress distribution of wind power crane maintenance platform under three typical working conditions are grasped. In addition, the influence of the wind-lift maintenance platform on the tower and tube of wind turbine is analyzed. Finally, it is determined that the wind-lift maintenance platform designed in this paper can be used to hoist and replace the components in the wind-generator engine room. On the basis of static analysis, the modal analysis of wind power crane maintenance platform is carried out, and the natural vibration frequency of the first 10 steps and the modal mode diagram of the first 10 steps are extracted and compared with the external frequency given by the hoist. Avoid the possibility of resonance in practice. The lifting maintenance platform for wind power plants is divided into two parts: the moment when the heavy object leaves the ground, and the moment when the heavy object rises and stops, In this paper, the instantaneous dynamic analysis of the crane maintenance platform of wind power is carried out under four instantaneous working conditions of the moment when the heavy object starts to descend and contacts with the heavy object. The displacement response curve of the lifting point of the crane is obtained by analyzing the dynamic response curve of the lifting point of the crane under each instantaneous working condition. The velocity response curve and the acceleration response curve have grasped the transient movement of the lifting point of the boom under the above four working conditions, which is helpful for the operator to better control the maintenance platform of the wind power crane.
【学位授予单位】：沈阳建筑大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：TH17

【参考文献】