旋转式救生梯的电液比例控制研究

发布时间：2018-06-20 17:38

本文选题：旋转式救生梯 + 比例方向阀　；参考：《吉林大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着自动控制和机电一体化的发展，，电液比例控制技术得到迅速发展，特别是现在计算机技术水平高，制造工业发达，使得电液比例技术和元器件精度更是得到快速发展和迅猛的提高，使得电液比例技术应用范围更为广泛。旋转式救生梯是一种新型的深度救援设备，提高其控制系统性能、提高自动化程度和简化操作程序都是非常重要和实用的。尤其是对于复杂的救援环境，使用电液比例控制将会具有重要的意义和很大的优势。不仅可以提高救援效率，提高设备动作精度，还可以降低对操作者的技能要求。提高了设备的灵活性、实用性和高效性。如果不提高救生梯的电液控制和自动化水平，在设备展开救援阶段，将会有一套繁杂的顺序控制流程。对操作者会有很高的技能要求，更重要的是会降低救援效率，如果忽略其中一个动作，将会对设备产生危险。本文首先对旋转式救生梯的结构进行分析研究，从设计方案入手，逐步分析研究救生梯的机械结构及运行原理，详细介绍救生梯的核心机构—载人链传动机构。从而得出将电液比例控制技术引入到旋转式救生梯中，替代试验机的电机控制方式，不仅避免了核心部件的高压电引入，还可以降低动力部件的重量，并且很好的实现了运行速度的调节和控制，使救生梯更容易实现自动控制和性能提升。接着利用电液比例控制技术，对旋转式救生梯的液压控制系统进行设计改进。以控制原理为基础，对救生梯电液控制系统及元件进行理论建模及公式推导。分析液压组成元件在该系统中的稳定性和动态特性，先后讨论了救生梯的直控式比例方向阀和转速传感器的数学模型传递函数，讨论阀控马达子系统的传递函数和方块图。在此基础上逐步建立整个旋转式救生梯液压控制系统并建立数学模型，之后引入救生梯液压系统基本参数，利用matlab软件中的simulink工具箱对其进行动态仿真和动态特性分析。实现救生梯液压系统计算机仿真，实现救生梯运行速度的精确控制。本文根据旋转式救生梯整机性能，进行试验验证。其中包括运行速度、转速控制和使用的舒适程度等几项试验。最后根据试验分析，观察分析旋转式救生梯整机性能优缺点及其电液控制系统的实用性和不足之处。
[Abstract]:With the development of automatic control and electromechanical integration, electro-hydraulic proportional control technology has been developed rapidly, especially with the high level of computer technology and the developed manufacturing industry. Because of the rapid development and rapid improvement of the electro-hydraulic proportional technology and the precision of the components, the electro-hydraulic proportional technology is more widely used. Rotary lifesaving ladder is a new type of deep rescue equipment. It is very important and practical to improve the performance of control system, improve automation and simplify the operation procedure. Especially for the complex rescue environment, the use of electro-hydraulic proportional control will have important significance and great advantages. It can not only improve the rescue efficiency, improve the precision of the equipment, but also reduce the skill requirement of the operator. It improves the flexibility, practicability and efficiency of the equipment. If the level of electrohydraulic control and automation is not improved, there will be a complicated sequence control process in the rescue phase of the equipment. There is a high skill requirement for the operator and, more importantly, a reduction in the rescue efficiency. If one of the actions is ignored, the equipment will be at risk. In this paper, the structure of the revolving life-saving ladder is analyzed and studied at first. The mechanical structure and operation principle of the life-saving ladder are analyzed and studied step by step from the design scheme. The core mechanism of the life-saving ladder, the human chain drive mechanism, is introduced in detail. It is concluded that the electro-hydraulic proportional control technology can be introduced into the rotary life-saving ladder instead of the motor control mode of the testing machine, which can not only avoid the introduction of high voltage core components, but also reduce the weight of the power components. And the speed of operation is adjusted and controlled well, which makes it easier to realize automatic control and improve the performance of lifesaving ladder. Then the hydraulic control system of the rotary life-saving ladder is improved by using the electro-hydraulic proportional control technology. Based on the control principle, the theoretical modeling and formula derivation of the electro-hydraulic control system and components of the lifesaving ladder are carried out. This paper analyzes the stability and dynamic characteristics of hydraulic components in the system, discusses the mathematical model transfer function of direct-controlled proportional directional valve and rotating speed sensor, and discusses the transfer function and block diagram of valve controlled motor subsystem. On the basis of this, the hydraulic control system of the whole rotary life-saving ladder is established step by step and the mathematical model is established. Then the basic parameters of the hydraulic system of the life-saving ladder are introduced, and the dynamic simulation and dynamic characteristic analysis are carried out by using the simulink toolbox in the matlab software. The computer simulation of the hydraulic system of the lifesaving ladder is realized, and the accurate control of the running speed of the lifesaving ladder is realized. According to the performance of rotary life-saving ladder, the test is carried out in this paper. These include several tests, such as speed, speed control, and comfort in use. Finally, according to the experimental analysis, the advantages and disadvantages of the rotary life-saving ladder and the practicability and deficiency of the electro-hydraulic control system are observed and analyzed.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：TH-39

【参考文献】