往复式压缩机无级气量调节的理论研究与系统研发

发布时间：2018-06-21 12:04

本文选题：往复式压缩机 + 气量调节　；参考：《北京化工大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：往复式压缩机在石油化工行业有广泛的应用。随着石油化工工艺的不断变化和世界能源的日益紧张,不仅要求往复式压缩机的排气量能够在更大的范围内连续调节,而且要求压缩机功耗随排气量降低而成比例下降,实现节能。在各种气量调节方式中,部分行程压开进气阀调节具有调节范围大、经济性好、可实现无级调节的优点,受到的企业的广泛欢迎。本文围绕部分行程压开进气阀气量调节方式展开研究,主要内容有 (1)建立了往复式压缩机工作过程的数学模型,分析了压缩机在正常工况及气量调节工况下,缸内气体压力、进排气阀运动规律的变化情况； (2)对往复压缩机的气量调节工况作出适当简化,推导出排气量与进气阀压开时间的近似计算公式,具有一定的参考意义； (3)利用CFD软件对往复压缩机的工作过程进行了分析,求出了气量调节时进气阀所受的气体力,分析了影响气体力大小的因素； (4)分析了气量调节工况下进气阀片与阀座撞击速度的变化情况,结果表明气量调节时阀片的撞击速度显著增大,阀片寿命受到较大影响； (5)设计组建了往复压缩机无级气量调节系统,并针对部分行程压开进气阀气量调节方式的缺点,设计了一种新的执行方案：间隔循环压开进气阀,有效降低了对气阀寿命的影响程度。
[Abstract]:Reciprocating compressors are widely used in petrochemical industry. With the continuous change of petrochemical technology and the increasing tension of energy sources in the world, not only the exhaust capacity of reciprocating compressors can be continuously adjusted in a larger range, but also the power consumption of compressors should be reduced proportionally with the decrease of exhaust volume. Realize energy saving. Among all kinds of air volume regulation modes, partial stroke pressure-opening valve regulation has the advantages of wide regulating range, good economy and stepless adjustment, and is widely welcomed by enterprises. The main contents of this paper are as follows: 1) the mathematical model of the working process of reciprocating compressor is established, and the compressor is analyzed under the normal working condition and the regulating condition of gas quantity. The change of gas pressure in cylinder and the movement law of intake and exhaust valve; (2) the proper simplification of the condition of air flow regulation of reciprocating compressor, and the derivation of an approximate formula for calculating the exhaust volume and the opening time of inlet valve, Using CFD software, the working process of reciprocating compressor is analyzed, the gas force of intake valve is calculated, and the factors influencing the gas force are analyzed. The change of impingement velocity between intake valve disc and valve seat is analyzed. The results show that the impingement velocity of valve plate increases significantly and the life of valve plate is greatly affected. (5) the stepless air flow regulation system of reciprocating compressor is designed, and a new implementation scheme is designed for regulating the air volume of partial stroke pressure-open inlet valve. The effect on the life of the valve is reduced effectively.
【学位授予单位】：北京化工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：TH45

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