基于PLM的需求管理的研究
发布时间：2018-07-15 12:15
【摘要】：客户需求作为产品生命周期的源头,是驱动产品开发的直接动力,先进需求管理理念和模式,成为制造类企业成败的关键。有效的需求管理可以使设计者能够正确把握客户需求,及时发现未满足需求,提高产品设计质量,增加客户需求满意度,降低成本。本文在产品生命周期管理(Product Life-cycle Management, PLM)的平台上,对需求管理进行了研究。 本文基于产品全生命周期中与需求相关的数据和活动,建立了PLM需求管理的功能模型,确立了PLM需求管理的7大功能。然后,重点对需求分类与整理、需求转化、需求跟踪、需求验证和相似需求检索功能进行了详细研究。 首先,基于机械类产品需求的特点对客户需求进行了分类,建立客户需求分类模板,依据分类模板和需求描述语言的数据特征,提出了基于需求分类模板的规范化需求表达方法,实现了需求表达的规范化。将需求名与目标值分离,建立需求信息存储模型,减少了需求数据冗余,为相似需求检索奠定了基础。 其次,使用产品质量功能展开(Product Quality Deployment, QFD)技术实现需求的逐步转化,建立了需求转化数据库表,明确了需求与设计结果的底层数据关系。用统一建模语言(Unified Modeling Language,UML)类图建立了需求跟踪的数据模型,采用了物料清单(Bill of Materiel,BOM)形式组织需求跟踪的表层数据,分别在底层数据关系与表层数据组织上实现了需求跟踪的数据管理,使产品设计结果有源可溯。使用扩展有向图建模方法对需求验证过程进行了工作流建模,随时跟踪需求满足状况,及时发现未满足的需求。 最后,将基于实例的推理技术(Case-based Reasoning,CBR)思想应用于PLM需求管理,通过检索相似需求寻找设计参考案例。设计了需求管理的CBR流程,建立了案例库,分析了案例检索步骤,研究了检索算法,利用模糊层次分析法确定了需求权重。从需求入手,实现了设计知识的重用,提高了设计准确度,减少了设计时间,提升了企业竞争力。
[Abstract]:As the source of product life cycle, customer demand is the direct driving force of product development. Advanced demand management concepts and models become the key to the success or failure of manufacturing enterprises. Effective demand management enables designers to correctly grasp customer needs, discover unmet requirements in time, improve product design quality, increase customer demand satisfaction, and reduce costs. In this paper, requirement management is studied on the platform of Product Life-cycle Management (PLM). Based on the data and activities related to requirements in the whole product life cycle, this paper establishes a functional model of PLM requirement management and seven functions of PLM requirement management. Then, the classification and collation of requirements, requirements transformation, requirements tracking, requirements verification and similar requirements retrieval functions are studied in detail. First of all, based on the characteristics of mechanical product requirements, customer requirements are classified, and customer demand classification templates are established, which are based on classification templates and data features of requirement description language. In this paper, a standardized requirement representation method based on requirement classification template is proposed, and the standardization of requirement representation is realized. The requirement name is separated from the target value, and the storage model of requirement information is established, which reduces the redundancy of requirement data and lays the foundation for similar requirement retrieval. Secondly, product quality deployment (qfd) technology is used to realize the gradual transformation of requirements, and the database table of requirement transformation is established, and the underlying data relationship between requirements and design results is clarified. The data model of requirement tracking is established by using Unified Modeling language (UML) class diagram, and the surface data of requirement tracking is organized in the form of Bill of material (BOM). The data management of requirement tracking is realized on the underlying data relation and surface data organization respectively, which makes the product design result active traceability. The extended directed graph modeling method is used to model the requirement verification process. The requirement satisfaction is tracked at any time and the unsatisfied requirements are found in time. Finally, Case-based reasoning (CBR) is applied to PLM requirement management, and a design reference case is found by retrieving similar requirements. The CBR flow chart of requirement management is designed, the case base is established, the case retrieval steps are analyzed, the retrieval algorithm is studied, and the requirement weight is determined by using the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP). The reuse of design knowledge is realized, the design accuracy is improved, the design time is reduced, and the competitiveness of enterprises is improved.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：TH186;F273.2
本文编号：2124040
[Abstract]:As the source of product life cycle, customer demand is the direct driving force of product development. Advanced demand management concepts and models become the key to the success or failure of manufacturing enterprises. Effective demand management enables designers to correctly grasp customer needs, discover unmet requirements in time, improve product design quality, increase customer demand satisfaction, and reduce costs. In this paper, requirement management is studied on the platform of Product Life-cycle Management (PLM). Based on the data and activities related to requirements in the whole product life cycle, this paper establishes a functional model of PLM requirement management and seven functions of PLM requirement management. Then, the classification and collation of requirements, requirements transformation, requirements tracking, requirements verification and similar requirements retrieval functions are studied in detail. First of all, based on the characteristics of mechanical product requirements, customer requirements are classified, and customer demand classification templates are established, which are based on classification templates and data features of requirement description language. In this paper, a standardized requirement representation method based on requirement classification template is proposed, and the standardization of requirement representation is realized. The requirement name is separated from the target value, and the storage model of requirement information is established, which reduces the redundancy of requirement data and lays the foundation for similar requirement retrieval. Secondly, product quality deployment (qfd) technology is used to realize the gradual transformation of requirements, and the database table of requirement transformation is established, and the underlying data relationship between requirements and design results is clarified. The data model of requirement tracking is established by using Unified Modeling language (UML) class diagram, and the surface data of requirement tracking is organized in the form of Bill of material (BOM). The data management of requirement tracking is realized on the underlying data relation and surface data organization respectively, which makes the product design result active traceability. The extended directed graph modeling method is used to model the requirement verification process. The requirement satisfaction is tracked at any time and the unsatisfied requirements are found in time. Finally, Case-based reasoning (CBR) is applied to PLM requirement management, and a design reference case is found by retrieving similar requirements. The CBR flow chart of requirement management is designed, the case base is established, the case retrieval steps are analyzed, the retrieval algorithm is studied, and the requirement weight is determined by using the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP). The reuse of design knowledge is realized, the design accuracy is improved, the design time is reduced, and the competitiveness of enterprises is improved.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：TH186;F273.2
【引证文献】
相关硕士学位论文 前1条
1 李德治;轮胎生产与资源循环利用的全生命周期过程研究[D];广东工业大学;2013年
，本文编号：2124040
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