气泡驱动纳米马达制备及运动控制方法研究

发布时间：2018-07-16 12:43

【摘要】：纳米马达是一种应用于多种领域（尤其是医疗领域），具有较大推重比，能实现物质定向运输的微纳米级机械。这其中，自驱动纳米马达因其利用环境中的物质能量，并将能量转化成自身运动所需动能，实现自身运动而受到广泛关注。目前，国内外针对自驱动纳米马达研究集中于双氧水体系，通过铂催化双氧水分解，产生氧气，实现纳米马达自驱动。但是，由于其对环境体系（双氧水）的依赖性，使之不适于人体内药物领域的广泛使用。通过对人体体液成分的分析可知，以酸环境为主的消化液占用人体体液的重要比重。因此，本文基于纳米马达运动理论，通过对纳米马达运动原理的深入分析，设计并制备一种新型锥形管状纳米马达模型，并对其运动影响因素及控制方法进行研究。建立锥形双层管状纳米马达理论模型，对气泡驱动纳米马达运动机理进行分析，并着重分析影响纳米马达运动速度的重要因素。考虑酸溶液腐蚀特性，酸溶液氢离子特性，化学反应速率，制备方法及安全性等因素，设计纳米马达物质组成。采用模板电沉积方法，制定纳米马达外壳制备工艺，并通过显微成像方式，分析影响纳米马达外壳制备厚度的主要因素，得到了纳米马达外壳厚度与沉积电量的关系。同时，比较不同电沉积方法对内孔溶质形貌的影响，并完善纳米马达分离工艺。分析纳米马达运动速度影响因素。采用实验方法，研究不同pH值，不同酸种类条件，不同反应时间下，纳米马达速度变化规律。同时，采用实验方法，研究溶液粘度对纳米马达运动状态的影响规律。采取非接触式磁性控制，改变原有镍金属附着工艺，，利用模板电沉积工艺取代金属溅射工艺，实现纳米马达运动控制。采用原电池原理，结合纳米马达制备方法，优化设计新型原电池纳米马达，并与原有纳米马达在同种条件下运动情况进行分析比对，验证提速效果。
[Abstract]:Nano motor is a kind of micro and nano scale machinery which can be used in many fields, especially in medical field, and has a large push-weight ratio and can realize the directional transportation of materials. Among them, self-driving nanometer-motor is widely concerned because it uses the matter energy in the environment, and converts the energy into the kinetic energy needed by its own motion to realize its own motion. At present, the research on self-driving nanometer-motor is focused on hydrogen peroxide system at home and abroad, through platinum catalytic decomposition of hydrogen peroxide to produce oxygen, realize self-drive of nano-motor. However, due to its dependence on the environmental system (hydrogen peroxide), it is not suitable for the wide use of human medicine. Through the analysis of body fluid composition, it can be seen that digestive fluid mainly in acid environment occupies the important proportion of body fluid. Therefore, based on the theory of nanometer motor motion, a new type of conical tubular nano motor model is designed and fabricated by analyzing the motion principle of nano motor, and the influence factors and control methods of its motion are studied. The theoretical model of conical double-layer tubular nano-motor is established to analyze the motion mechanism of bubble driven nano-motor and the important factors that affect the movement speed of nano-motor are emphatically analyzed. Considering the corrosion characteristics of acid solution, hydrogen ion characteristics of acid solution, chemical reaction rate, preparation method and safety, the composition of nano-motor was designed. The preparation process of nano-motor shell was established by template electrodeposition method. The main factors affecting the thickness of nano-motor shell were analyzed by microscopic imaging method. The relationship between the thickness of nano-motor shell and the electric quantity of deposition was obtained. At the same time, the effects of different electrodeposition methods on the morphology of inner pore solute were compared, and the separation process of nanometer motor was improved. The factors influencing the movement speed of nano motor are analyzed. By using the experimental method, the variation of the speed of the nanometer motor was studied under different pH value, different kinds of acid conditions and different reaction time. At the same time, the effect of solution viscosity on the motion state of nano motor was studied by experimental method. The non-contact magnetic control was adopted to change the original nickel metal adhesion process and the metal sputtering process was replaced by the template electrodeposition process to realize the motion control of the nano-motor. Based on the principle of primary battery and the preparation method of nano motor, the new nano motor of primary battery is optimized and compared with the original nano motor under the same conditions to verify the effect of increasing speed.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TH-39

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