桥式起重机载荷统计分析及其分项系数的研究
发布时间：2018-07-24 09:22
【摘要】：起重机是工业生产线中承担物料搬运工作的关键设备,随着工业的发展,起重机的需求量越来越大,发生事故的几率也越来越高,因此,起重机可靠性问题成为产品竞争的焦点。要保证起重机的可靠运行需从三个阶段着手,设计阶段、生产阶段和使用阶段,其中设计阶段尤为重要。传统的设计方法是许用应力法,它将影响结构安全的各种参数假设为定值,这种假设并不符合工程实际情况。为此,国内外标准均提出了概率极限状态法,认为载荷、材料性质等参数具有随机性,实践证明如此处理更符合实际情况。本文借助概率论与数理统计、随机过程理论及工程结构可靠性理论,研究了桥式起重机的吊重载荷过程、小车位移过程及概率极限状态设计法中的分项系数,主要内容如下: 首先,在不同吨位的桥式起重机上安装数据记录仪,采集吊重载荷、小车位置等运行数据,从而得到监测时间内的载荷时间历程。在此基础上结合前人的研究成果,研究适合我国桥式起重机使用情况的吊重载荷谱; 其次,借用极值统计学得出设计预期寿命内吊重载荷的极值分布,从而可由监测时间内的运行数据推导出起重机在整个设计预期寿命内的分布规律; 最后,采用Monte Carlo法模拟得到了桥式起重机应力谱,在此基础上计算出概率极限状态法的分项系数,最后给出了用于桥式起重机的概率极限状态设计表达式,并通过一定的实例验证了表达式的正确性。研究结果为我国起重机相关标准的进一步完善提供了一定的理论依据。
[Abstract]:Crane is the key equipment of material handling in industrial production line. With the development of industry, the demand of crane is increasing, and the probability of accident is becoming higher and higher. Crane reliability has become the focus of product competition. In order to ensure the reliable operation of the crane, it is necessary to start from three stages: design stage, production stage and use stage, among which the design stage is particularly important. The traditional design method is the allowable stress method, which hypothesizes all kinds of parameters which affect the safety of the structure. This assumption does not accord with the actual engineering situation. For this reason, the probabilistic limit state method has been put forward in domestic and foreign standards. It is considered that the parameters such as load and material properties are random, and it is proved that this method is more suitable to the actual situation. With the help of probability theory, mathematical statistics, stochastic process theory and reliability theory of engineering structure, this paper studies the partial coefficients of the lifting load process, the displacement process of the trolley and the probability limit state design method of the bridge crane. The main contents are as follows: firstly, the data recorder is installed on the bridge crane with different tonnage, and the load and the vehicle position are collected, and the load time history in the monitoring time is obtained. On this basis, combined with the previous research results, the lifting load spectrum suitable for the use of bridge cranes in China is studied. Secondly, the extreme value distribution of the lifting load in the design life is obtained by using extreme value statistics. Thus, the distribution law of crane in the whole design life can be deduced from the running data of monitoring time. Finally, the stress spectrum of bridge crane is obtained by using Monte Carlo method. On this basis, the partial coefficients of probabilistic limit state method are calculated. At last, the expression of probabilistic limit state design for bridge crane is given, and the correctness of the expression is verified by a certain example. The results provide a theoretical basis for the further improvement of crane standards in China.
【学位授予单位】：太原科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：TH215
本文编号：2140926
[Abstract]:Crane is the key equipment of material handling in industrial production line. With the development of industry, the demand of crane is increasing, and the probability of accident is becoming higher and higher. Crane reliability has become the focus of product competition. In order to ensure the reliable operation of the crane, it is necessary to start from three stages: design stage, production stage and use stage, among which the design stage is particularly important. The traditional design method is the allowable stress method, which hypothesizes all kinds of parameters which affect the safety of the structure. This assumption does not accord with the actual engineering situation. For this reason, the probabilistic limit state method has been put forward in domestic and foreign standards. It is considered that the parameters such as load and material properties are random, and it is proved that this method is more suitable to the actual situation. With the help of probability theory, mathematical statistics, stochastic process theory and reliability theory of engineering structure, this paper studies the partial coefficients of the lifting load process, the displacement process of the trolley and the probability limit state design method of the bridge crane. The main contents are as follows: firstly, the data recorder is installed on the bridge crane with different tonnage, and the load and the vehicle position are collected, and the load time history in the monitoring time is obtained. On this basis, combined with the previous research results, the lifting load spectrum suitable for the use of bridge cranes in China is studied. Secondly, the extreme value distribution of the lifting load in the design life is obtained by using extreme value statistics. Thus, the distribution law of crane in the whole design life can be deduced from the running data of monitoring time. Finally, the stress spectrum of bridge crane is obtained by using Monte Carlo method. On this basis, the partial coefficients of probabilistic limit state method are calculated. At last, the expression of probabilistic limit state design for bridge crane is given, and the correctness of the expression is verified by a certain example. The results provide a theoretical basis for the further improvement of crane standards in China.
【学位授予单位】：太原科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：TH215
【引证文献】
相关硕士学位论文 前2条
1 王建华;桥式起重机主梁结构时变可靠性评估方法研究[D];太原科技大学;2012年
2 王振雨;载荷谱编制中极值载荷确定方法及应用[D];吉林大学;2012年
，本文编号：2140926
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