料场堆取料带式输送机系统节能优化问题的研究

发布时间：2018-08-02 18:26

【摘要】：随着国家“节能减排”任务的提出,能源消耗问题越来越受到国家的重视。料场系统运行工作时,料场的布置形式、堆取料机的取料轨迹、输送机的机械损耗以及驱动系统的工作效率等方面均会对能源消耗产生影响。针对不同的影响因素,分别对料场输送机系统节能优化进行了讨论。料场的布置应遵循统筹安排、合理布局、远近结合等原则,结合堆取料机的参数,得出了料堆高度、料堆宽度和料堆长度分别与斗轮堆取料机的悬臂俯仰高度、回转半径和最大行程的对应关系,为料场的布置提供了参考依据。通过对悬臂式斗轮堆取料机斗轮运动规律的分析,推导出斗轮挖掘切割边长的计算公式,为实现斗轮切割边长最短,挖掘阻力最小提供了依据；同时确定了堆取料机斗轮齿尖切屑轨迹为最佳轨迹时斗轮铲斗长宽比例与斗轮机大车前进距离与悬臂回转初速度之间的比例关系；并给出了新的取料循环方式,对已有的斗轮堆取料机,可以提高平均取料能力,对尚在设计中的新产品,可以降低挖掘阻力和斗轮驱动功率。由于德国标准计算不同填充率下输送机运行阻力时,模拟摩擦阻力系数变化的缘故,采用了美国CEMA6计算方法计算输送机运行阻力。CEMA6计算方法计算输送机主要阻力时不需要考虑区段的模拟摩擦阻力系数,而是通过计算输送带张力,将产生主要阻力的各个张力分量计算出来相加得到。通过一个具体的实例分析,借助特征量“能量消耗率”的概念,得出不同带速下输送机能量消耗变化情况,指出输送机运量与带速的匹配关系。针对输送机负载的变化,首先根据异步电动机的数学模型及等效电路对功率消耗进行分析,得出电动机的功率消耗流程；讨论了功率消耗与定子端电压的关系,论证了不同负载情况下调压节能的可行性,并选择合适的控制量,采用双向晶闸管实现调压运行；建立了驱动系统的Simulink仿真模型,可视化的观察电动机定子电压、定子电流、转速和功率的变化曲线,得出调压运行时电动机的功率因数和工作效率均得到提高,验证了理论推导的正确性。
[Abstract]:With the national "energy saving and emission reduction" task proposed, energy consumption has been paid more and more attention. When the material yard system is running, the layout of the yard, the loading path of the stacker, the mechanical loss of the conveyor and the working efficiency of the drive system will affect the energy consumption. According to different influencing factors, the energy-saving optimization of conveyer system in material yard is discussed. The layout of the yard should follow the principles of overall arrangement, reasonable layout, combination of distance and near, and combining with the parameters of the heap-taker, the height of the pile, the width of the pile and the length of the pile and the pitch height of the cantilever of the bucket wheel stacker are obtained, respectively. The relationship between the radius of rotation and the maximum stroke provides a reference for the layout of the material yard. Based on the analysis of the motion law of bucket wheel of cantilever bucket wheel heap-taker, the calculation formula of bucket wheel cutting side length is deduced, which provides the basis for realizing the shortest length of bucket wheel cutting side and minimum excavating resistance. At the same time, the relationship between the ratio of bucket length to width and the advance distance of bucket wheel and the initial speed of cantilever rotation are determined when the chip path of bucket wheel tip is the best trajectory, and a new method of collecting material circulation is given. For the existing bucket wheel stacker, the average collecting capacity can be improved, and for the new product still under design, the excavating resistance and the driving power of the bucket wheel can be reduced. As the German standard calculates the running resistance of conveyors under different filling rates, it simulates the variation of friction resistance coefficient. In this paper, the American CEMA6 method is used to calculate the running resistance of the conveyor. When the main resistance of the conveyor is calculated, the simulated friction coefficient of the section is not considered, but the tension of the conveyor belt is calculated. The various tension components that produce the main resistance are calculated to add up. By analyzing a concrete example, with the help of the concept of characteristic quantity "energy consumption rate", the change of energy consumption of conveyer under different belt speeds is obtained, and the matching relationship between conveyer capacity and belt speed is pointed out. According to the change of conveyer load, the power consumption is analyzed according to the mathematical model and equivalent circuit of asynchronous motor, and the power consumption flow of motor is obtained, and the relationship between power consumption and stator terminal voltage is discussed. The feasibility of reducing voltage and saving energy under different load conditions is demonstrated, and the bidirectional thyristor (Thyristor) is adopted to realize the voltage regulation and operation, and the Simulink simulation model of driving system is established to visualize the stator voltage and current of the motor. The power factor and working efficiency of the motor are improved by the curve of speed and power, which verifies the correctness of the theoretical derivation.
【学位授予单位】：东北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：TH222

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