抓斗桥式起重机动态特性研究
发布时间：2018-08-14 15:02
【摘要】：现代物流工程中应用着大量的机械设备，其中,主要用于各类物料装卸转载作业的抓斗起重机械有着非常重要的作用。在工作过程中，桥架结构作为抓斗起重机械的主要的承载部件，运用动力学仿真技术对桥架结构进行精准的动力学分析十分必要，这对抓斗起重机械作业效率的提高、人力劳动强度的降低以及工作人员安全的确保具有非常可观的效用。 要准确分析抓斗起重机械桥架结构的动态性能，实验是最有效和最直接的方法，它可以实际测量起重机械所承受的载荷和结构应力。但起重机械的实测只有在产品生产完成后才有可能实现，这样会造成不必要的损失，而且周期也比较长。 本文通过了解抓斗起重机发展趋势和国内外起重机动态特性研究现状，分析了抓斗桥式起重机动态特性研究的必要性和可行性，采用有限元分析软件HYPERWORKS，对抓斗桥式起重机主梁的动态特性进行了研究，主要研究内容如下： 1.利用HYPERMESH完成抓斗桥式起重机主梁结构的有限元模型的建立，通过对主梁结构进行受力分析，来完成有限元模型静力学分析中的约束与加载。利用有限元仿真，校核结构的静刚度和静强度。 2.通过对有限元模型进行模态分析，来研究主梁结构的固有频率和振型，避免共振现象的发生，同时也为动态分析提供数据参考。 3.研究抓斗桥式起重机工作过程中，主梁结构振动变形情况。将一个完整的工作过程分成起升过程和卸载过程两部分来研究。起升过程中，考虑钢丝绳受力变化的情况和钢丝绳预紧的作用时间。卸载过程中，考虑了针对不同抓取物的情况，载荷变化方式不一样。利用有限元软件HYPERWORKS，，分别对起升和卸载过程进行瞬态动力学分析，得出主梁位移变化曲线，判断不同情况下，主梁振动大小变化趋势，为起重机主梁设计提供参考！
[Abstract]:In modern logistics engineering, a large number of machinery and equipment are applied, among which, grabbing crane which is mainly used in loading and unloading of various kinds of materials plays a very important role. In the working process, the bridge frame structure is the main bearing part of the grab crane. It is necessary to use dynamic simulation technology to carry out accurate dynamic analysis of the bridge structure, which can improve the working efficiency of the grab crane. The reduction of labor intensity and the safety of staff are of considerable utility. The experiment is the most effective and direct method to accurately analyze the dynamic performance of the bridge structure of grab crane. It can actually measure the load and the structural stress of the crane. However, the measurement of lifting machinery can only be realized after the production of the product is completed, which will cause unnecessary losses and a long period. This paper analyzes the necessity and feasibility of the research on the dynamic characteristics of grab crane by understanding the development trend of grab crane and the research status of crane dynamic characteristics at home and abroad. The dynamic characteristics of the main girder of grab bridge crane are studied by using the finite element analysis software HYPERWORKS. The main contents are as follows: 1. The finite element model of the main girder structure of grab bridge crane is established by using HYPERMESH, and the constraint and loading of the finite element model static analysis are accomplished by the force analysis of the main girder structure. The static stiffness and strength of the structure are checked by finite element simulation. 2. The modal analysis of the finite element model is carried out to study the natural frequency and mode shape of the main beam structure to avoid the occurrence of resonance phenomenon and to provide a data reference for dynamic analysis. The vibration deformation of the main girder structure in the working process of grab bridge crane is studied. A complete working process is divided into two parts: the lifting process and the unloading process. In the process of hoisting, the change of wire rope force and the action time of wire rope pre-tightening are considered. In the process of unloading, the load variation mode is different according to different grabbing conditions. By using the finite element software HYPERWORKS, the transient dynamic analysis of hoisting and unloading process is carried out, and the displacement curve of the main beam is obtained, and the variation trend of the main beam vibration is judged under different conditions, which provides a reference for the design of the main girder of the crane.
【学位授予单位】：武汉科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：TH215
[Abstract]:In modern logistics engineering, a large number of machinery and equipment are applied, among which, grabbing crane which is mainly used in loading and unloading of various kinds of materials plays a very important role. In the working process, the bridge frame structure is the main bearing part of the grab crane. It is necessary to use dynamic simulation technology to carry out accurate dynamic analysis of the bridge structure, which can improve the working efficiency of the grab crane. The reduction of labor intensity and the safety of staff are of considerable utility. The experiment is the most effective and direct method to accurately analyze the dynamic performance of the bridge structure of grab crane. It can actually measure the load and the structural stress of the crane. However, the measurement of lifting machinery can only be realized after the production of the product is completed, which will cause unnecessary losses and a long period. This paper analyzes the necessity and feasibility of the research on the dynamic characteristics of grab crane by understanding the development trend of grab crane and the research status of crane dynamic characteristics at home and abroad. The dynamic characteristics of the main girder of grab bridge crane are studied by using the finite element analysis software HYPERWORKS. The main contents are as follows: 1. The finite element model of the main girder structure of grab bridge crane is established by using HYPERMESH, and the constraint and loading of the finite element model static analysis are accomplished by the force analysis of the main girder structure. The static stiffness and strength of the structure are checked by finite element simulation. 2. The modal analysis of the finite element model is carried out to study the natural frequency and mode shape of the main beam structure to avoid the occurrence of resonance phenomenon and to provide a data reference for dynamic analysis. The vibration deformation of the main girder structure in the working process of grab bridge crane is studied. A complete working process is divided into two parts: the lifting process and the unloading process. In the process of hoisting, the change of wire rope force and the action time of wire rope pre-tightening are considered. In the process of unloading, the load variation mode is different according to different grabbing conditions. By using the finite element software HYPERWORKS, the transient dynamic analysis of hoisting and unloading process is carried out, and the displacement curve of the main beam is obtained, and the variation trend of the main beam vibration is judged under different conditions, which provides a reference for the design of the main girder of the crane.
【学位授予单位】：武汉科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：TH215
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