多级离心泵导叶流动性能及优化设计的研究

发布时间：2018-08-31 17:22

【摘要】：多级离心泵是广泛应用于石油化工、水循环与处理、油气储运、能源发电以及建筑工程等各行各业的通用流体机械设备，而级间导叶作为其中一种重要的过流部件对多级泵性能有着直接的影响。因此本文着重开展依托于多级泵模型而针对于导叶的研究工作，最终得到多级泵级间导叶内流场的分布状况以及实现径向导叶参数的优化设计，为实现多级泵性能的改善并为降低能耗提供帮助。为了辅助本课题的研究工作，，借助了合作方佛山水泵厂提供的KDW65型多级泵模型以及相关的实验测试平台，其中的泵模型为带有径向导叶且为四级三出口的节段式多级离心泵。本文中主要采用了CFD数值模拟、MATLAB优化计算以及性能试验等的研究方法来实现论文的研究工作。首先，利用三维软件Pro/E实现了KDW65型多级泵的水体计算域的建模与装配，然后分别借助于ICEM与CFX软件最终实现了网格划分与整机的数值模拟计算，分析得到了多级泵导叶流道内关于压力、速度矢量以及流线等内流场的分布规律。并借助于测试平台完成了该模型泵在不同流量工况下的性能试验，通过数值模拟与性能试验得到的特性曲线的匹配程度来验证了基于CFD计算方法的准确性。其次，本课题建立了两种导叶结构模型，分别是径向导叶与流道式导叶，然后选择了两种过流介质，常温清水和粘性油品。探究了在不同的流量工况，不同的过流介质以及不同的导叶结构下的离心泵外特性表现。另外，径向导叶相关设计参数优化的实现主要借助于基于CFD的单变量筛选法以及基于MATLAB的遗传算法优化设计法两种方法。方法一建立了十几组不同的导叶参数模型来对泵的性能进行比较，以此实现导叶参数的筛选；方法二通过找到叶轮与导叶的匹配关系来建立起包含导叶参数的目标函数，然后借助于MATLAB遗传算法工具箱实现参数优化设计。优化设计的实现，一方面可以实现包括基圆直径、喉部尺寸、叶片数等重要参数在内的众多参数的优化筛选，另外一方面可以得到径向导叶各设计参数对泵性能的影响规律。
[Abstract]:Multi-stage centrifugal pump is widely used in petrochemical industry, water cycle and treatment, oil and gas storage and transportation, energy generation and construction engineering and other industries of general fluid machinery equipment, and the guide vane as one of the important flow components has a direct impact on the performance of multi-stage pump. In order to improve the performance of the multi-stage pump and reduce energy consumption, the flow field distribution in the guide vane of the multi-stage pump and the optimization design of the radial guide vane parameters are obtained.
In order to assist the research work of this subject, the KDW65 multi-stage pump model provided by Foshan Water Pump Factory and the related experimental test platform are used. The pump model is a segmental multi-stage centrifugal pump with radial guide vane and four stages and three outlets. The method of research is to realize the research work of this paper.
Firstly, the modeling and assembly of KDW65 multi-stage pump's water body calculation domain are realized by using three-dimensional software Pro/E. Then, the grid division and numerical simulation of the whole pump are realized by using ICEM and CFX software respectively. The distributions of pressure, velocity vector and streamline in the guide vane passage of the multi-stage pump are analyzed and obtained. It is helpful for the test platform to complete the performance test of the model pump under different flow conditions. The accuracy of CFD calculation method is verified by the matching degree between numerical simulation and performance test. Secondly, two kinds of guide vane structure models are established, which are radial guide vane and runner guide vane, and then selected. Two kinds of flow media, normal temperature water and viscous oils, were used to study the performance of centrifugal pumps under different flow conditions, different flow media and different guide vane structures. Methods One is to establish more than ten sets of different vane parameter models to compare the performance of the pump, so as to realize the selection of vane parameters; the other is to establish the objective function containing vane parameters by finding the matching relationship between the impeller and vane, and then optimize the parameters with the help of MATLAB genetic algorithm toolbox. Design. The realization of the optimal design, on the one hand, can realize the optimization of many parameters including basic circle diameter, throat size, blade number and other important parameters, on the other hand, can get the design parameters of the radial guide vane on the pump performance.
【学位授予单位】：华南理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TH311

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