推力轴承三维热弹流润滑性能及其振动噪声特性研究

发布时间：2018-09-10 09:36

【摘要】：推力轴承作为承受轴向重载旋转机械的核心部件之一,其工作性能优劣直接影响到机组的稳定运行和工作效率。对于特殊工作环境,还要求推力轴承不仅具有良好的润滑性能,而且必须保证振动噪声水平在合理的范围之内。本文以具有代表性的水轮发电机组立式推力轴承和船舶推进轴系卧式推力轴承为研究对象,建立对各种结构型式的推力轴承通用的三维热弹流动力润滑性能和油膜动特性计算模型,并在此基础上研究船用推力轴承的振动传递和噪声辐射特性。论文主要包括以下四个方面内容： (1)以推力轴承系统为研究对象,在综合考虑流体动力润滑、热效应和热弹变形影响的基础上,建立了由广义雷诺方程、油膜能量方程、油膜厚度方程、润滑油粘温方程、固体热传导方程和固体热弹变形方程等构成的推力轴承三维热弹流动力润滑性能计算的理论模型,并详细介绍了该理论模型的数值计算方法。 (2)基于上述理论模型,对三峡小支柱簇双层瓦和抽水蓄能机组双向推力轴承进行了系统的理论研究,并通过在哈尔滨大电机研究所3000吨推力轴承试验台上得到的试验结果对理论模型的可靠性进行了验证。 (3)同时采用二维和三维热弹流动力润滑模型对船用推力轴承润滑性能进行了研究,通过对比验证了二维模型的计算精度,在此基础上采用一阶泰勒级数法对二维雷诺方程进行求解得到推力轴承的轴向动特性系数。 (4)建立了船用推力轴承系统的有限元和边界元计算模型,分析了支承结构的动特性和结构阻尼比等关键参数对船用推力轴承振动和壳体噪声辐射特性的影响。总体来看,论文综合采用理论分析和试验研究方法,对水轮发电机组推力轴承和船用推力轴承的润滑性能进行了深入的研究,同时通过有限元和边界元法对船用推力轴承的振动传递和噪声辐射特性进行了评价。
[Abstract]:Thrust bearing is one of the core components of axial heavy load rotating machinery. Its working performance directly affects the stable operation and working efficiency of the unit. For special working conditions, thrust bearings are required not only to have good lubricating performance, but also to ensure that the vibration and noise level is within a reasonable range. In this paper, the representative vertical thrust bearing of hydrogenerator set and horizontal thrust bearing of marine propulsion shaft system are taken as the research object. Three dimensional thermo-elastohydrodynamic lubrication performance and oil film dynamic characteristics of thrust bearings with various structural types are established and the vibration transfer and noise radiation characteristics of marine thrust bearings are studied. This paper mainly includes the following four aspects: (1) taking thrust bearing system as the research object, the generalized Reynolds equation is established on the basis of considering the influence of hydrodynamic lubrication, thermal effect and thermoelastic deformation. The theoretical model of three-dimensional thermo-elastohydrodynamic lubrication performance of thrust bearings composed of oil film energy equation, oil film thickness equation, lubricant viscosity temperature equation, solid heat conduction equation and solid thermoelastic deformation equation, etc. The numerical calculation method of the theoretical model is introduced in detail. (2) based on the above theoretical model, a systematic theoretical study is carried out on the bidirectional thrust bearing of the three Gorges small pillar cluster double tile and pumped storage unit. The reliability of the theoretical model is verified by the test results obtained on the 3000 ton thrust bearing test-bed of Harbin large Electric Research Institute. (3) at the same time, the two-dimensional and three-dimensional thermo-elastohydrodynamic lubrication models are used to verify the reliability of the ship. The lubrication performance of thrust bearing was studied. The accuracy of the two-dimensional model is verified by comparison. On this basis, the first order Taylor series method is used to solve the two-dimensional Reynolds equation to obtain the axial dynamic coefficients of thrust bearing. (4) the finite element and boundary element calculation models of marine thrust bearing system are established. The effects of the key parameters such as the dynamic characteristics of the supporting structure and the damping ratio of the structure on the vibration and noise radiation characteristics of the marine thrust bearing are analyzed. As a whole, the lubrication performance of thrust bearing and marine thrust bearing of hydrogenerator set is studied in this paper by means of theoretical analysis and experimental research. At the same time, the vibration transfer and noise radiation characteristics of marine thrust bearings are evaluated by finite element method (FEM) and boundary element method (BEM).
【学位授予单位】：浙江大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TH133.3

【相似文献】