轮式工程机械全液压转向系统建模及仿真研究

发布时间：2018-09-10 11:15

【摘要】：轮式工程机械机动性好、工作高效,在各类工程项目中的物料挖掘、搬移、吊装等方面有着广泛地使用。因此,近年来越来越多的技术人员开始关注轮式工程机械的研究。轮式工程机械的转向系统的主要功用是操纵和改变车辆的行驶方向,既要保持车辆沿直线行驶的稳定性,还要保证车辆转向的灵活性。全液压转向系统是当前轮式工程机械转向系统设计时广泛采用的液压系统之一,尤其是近年来兴起的负荷传感型全液压转向系统因具有节能效果而成为研究热点。该型系统配有优先阀,一方面能够按照转向油路的要求优先向其分配流量,另一方面,该系统转向油路除分配使其维持正常工作所必需的流量外,剩余部分可几乎全部供给工作油路使用,提高了系统效率本文在介绍负荷传感型全液压转向系统的结构组成和工作原理的基础上,分别对系统的液压泵、优先阀、转向器、转向油缸以及相关的转向机构进行分析,并相应建立了其运动学和动力学方程。在忽略一些次要因素下,对系统模型进行必要的简化后建立了系统的数学模型。在此基础上,运用传递函数法对系统模型进行分析,从理论上分析了影响系统静、动态特性的因素。同时,利用MATLAB/SIMULINK仿真工具箱搭建了系统的数字仿真模型,对液压转向系统的静、动态特性进行了仿真验证,得到了其结构参数对液压转向系统性能的影响规律。最后,运用MATLAB的优化函数fmincon对转向机构进行了优化分析,并在虚拟样机仿真软件ADAMS的View和Hydraulics平台建立了系统的机械-液压联合仿真模型,进行了分析实验,验证了本文所建模型的合理性。
[Abstract]:Wheeled construction machinery has good maneuverability and high efficiency. It is widely used in material mining, moving and hoisting in all kinds of engineering projects. Therefore, in recent years, more and more technicians began to pay attention to the research of wheeled construction machinery. The main function of the steering system of wheeled construction machinery is to control and change the driving direction of the vehicle. It is necessary to maintain the stability of the vehicle running along the straight line and to ensure the flexibility of the vehicle steering. Full hydraulic steering system is one of the widely used hydraulic systems in the design of wheeled construction machinery steering system, especially the load sensing full hydraulic steering system, which has become a research hotspot for its energy-saving effect in recent years. This type of system is equipped with a priority valve, which, on the one hand, gives priority to flow distribution to the steering oil line according to the requirements of the steering oil line, and on the other hand, the system directs the oil path in addition to the flow required to maintain its normal operation. The remaining parts can almost all be supplied to the working oil circuit, which improves the system efficiency. Based on the introduction of the structure composition and working principle of the load sensing type full hydraulic steering system, the hydraulic pump and the priority valve of the system are separately analyzed in this paper. The kinematics and dynamics equations of steering gear, steering cylinder and related steering mechanism are analyzed. After neglecting some minor factors, the mathematical model of the system is established after the necessary simplification of the system model. On this basis, the transfer function method is used to analyze the system model, and the factors affecting the static and dynamic characteristics of the system are analyzed theoretically. At the same time, the digital simulation model of the system is built by using the MATLAB/SIMULINK simulation toolbox, the static and dynamic characteristics of the hydraulic steering system are simulated and verified, and the influence of its structural parameters on the performance of the hydraulic steering system is obtained. Finally, the optimization analysis of steering mechanism is carried out by using the optimization function of MATLAB (fmincon), and the combined mechanical-hydraulic simulation model of the system is established on the platform of View and Hydraulics of the virtual prototype simulation software ADAMS, and the analysis experiment is carried out. The rationality of the model is verified.
【学位授予单位】：中南林业科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：TH137

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