国产顶驱液压系统性能分析及优化

发布时间：2018-09-19 21:12

【摘要】：顶驱的全称为顶部驱动钻井装置TDS(TOP DRIVE DRILLING SYSTEM),它是20世纪80年代国际钻井领域中兴起的一项新的钻井技术,是旋转钻井技术的一次重大突破。顶驱装置代替传统的转盘,可以节省接单根和间断时间;遇到复杂地质状况,可以随时接单根进行循环,减少了卡钻事故的发生。顶部驱动钻井系统可从井架上部空间直接旋转钻杆,沿专用导轨向下送进,完成钻杆旋转钻进,循环钻井液,接立柱,上卸扣和倒划眼等多种钻井操作。该系统显著提高了钻井作业的能力和效率,并已成为石油钻井行业的标准产品。结合国内外顶驱的研究现状和发展趋势,可以清晰地看到国产顶驱与国外顶驱无论在技术设计上或制造工艺上都存在着很大的距离。顶驱已成为限制我国石油工业走向世界的技术障碍。本文从国内外顶驱的实际应用出发,对国产顶驱的性能进行分析,提出国产顶驱优化方案。根据顶驱及其液压系统的工作原理,应用机械CAD技术设计出顶驱液压集成阀板三维图、施工图,并应用三维软件检验设计的可行性。实地考察、实践顶驱应用情况,对顶驱液压系统进一步优化,完善施工图。搭建试验台,通过实验检验顶驱液压阀块的设计目标。进一步对顶驱液压系统进行优化,得出最终方案。解决顶驱液压系统泄漏问题,从实际出发,结合国外顶驱液压密封技术提出改进国产顶驱密封方案。从材料、原理出发,进一步探讨低温条件下顶驱液压密封。最后通过将优化方案进行实地试验检验,对顶驱及液压系统各项性能进行检测并进一步优化顶驱液压系统。为以后国产顶驱制造生产打下基础。
[Abstract]:Top drive is called TDS (TOP DRIVE DRILLING SYSTEM), which is a new drilling technology in the international drilling field in 1980s. It is a great breakthrough in rotary drilling technology. Instead of the traditional turntable, the top drive device can save the connecting single root and discontinuous time, and when the complex geological conditions are encountered, it can be connected with the single root to cycle at any time, thus reducing the occurrence of drilling jam accident. The top drive drilling system can rotate the drill pipe directly from the upper space of the Derrick and feed down along the special guideway to complete various drilling operations such as rotary drilling, circulating drilling fluid, connecting post, up and down the hole and so on. The system has greatly improved the ability and efficiency of drilling operation, and has become the standard product of oil drilling industry. Combined with the research status and development trend of top drive at home and abroad, it is clear that there is a great distance between domestic top drive and foreign top drive in both technical design and manufacturing process. Top drive has become a technical obstacle to restrict the petroleum industry of our country to the world. Based on the practical application of domestic and foreign top drive, this paper analyzes the performance of domestic top drive, and puts forward the optimization scheme of domestic top drive. According to the working principle of top drive and its hydraulic system, the 3D drawing and working drawing of hydraulic integrated valve plate of top drive are designed by using mechanical CAD technology, and the feasibility of the design is verified by using three dimensional software. Field investigation, the practice of top drive application, the top drive hydraulic system further optimization, improve construction drawings. The design goal of hydraulic valve block of top drive was tested by experiment. The final scheme is obtained by optimizing the hydraulic system of top drive. In order to solve the leakage problem of hydraulic system of top drive, combining with the technology of hydraulic seal of top drive in foreign countries, this paper puts forward a scheme to improve the seal of top drive made in China. Based on the material and principle, the hydraulic seal of top drive under low temperature is further discussed. Finally, the performance of top drive and hydraulic system is tested and optimized by field test. For domestic top drive manufacturing production lay the foundation.
【学位授予单位】：华南理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：TH137

【参考文献】