高精度同步传动中斜齿轮磨损的数值计算

发布时间：2018-10-10 11:58

【摘要】：齿轮是典型的线接触类零件,而且在现代机械工程中应用广泛,渐开线斜齿轮因其传递力矩大,传动平稳冲击小,在精度要求高的重要场合使用的更广。本文研究应用于化工过程生产中的渐开线斜齿轮减速器,其特点为齿轮传递的功率小,负载恒定,要求传动比精度高。但是渐开线斜齿轮减速器经过长时间的工作以后,轮齿齿面会慢慢发生磨损,磨损以后的齿廓会发生变化,不再是理想的渐开线,从而导致齿轮的接触条件也随着变化,传动速度不再稳定,影响化工生产的质量,因此研究渐开线斜齿轮的磨损有重要的意义。本文首先介绍磨损计算的发展过程,并总结了目前国内外渐开线圆柱齿轮磨损的实验技术以及仿真技术的发展现状,介绍了齿轮磨损的机理和三种齿轮磨损计算原理,采用线接触类零件磨损计算的通用模型为基础,结合数值计算的方法,将齿轮的齿廓离散成若干个接触点,把齿轮磨损的动态过程离散化成若干个准静态的过程,并且利用考虑磨损过程中渐开线斜齿轮齿廓动态变化的磨损数值计算的数学模型,分别计算每个准静态过程中每个离散接触点的磨损高度,以及由于磨损对传动比精度的影响,并对渐开线斜齿轮进行仿真,计算磨损以后齿轮的传动比精度,然后分析其他因素对齿轮传动精度的影响。主要工作包括:将渐开线直齿轮的磨损计算模型转化为渐开线斜齿轮,计算齿廓上离散接触点上的状态参数,并且判定各个接触点的啮合情况,计算各个离散接触点的磨损高度,瞬时传动比以及传动比精度,进一步分析齿轮的输入功率以及机械功率对齿轮磨损的影响,对比渐开线直齿轮的磨损后的传动比精度,最后提出减少渐开线斜齿轮减速器磨损的具体措施。
[Abstract]:Gear is a typical linear contact part, and it is widely used in modern mechanical engineering. Involute helical gear is widely used in important occasions with high precision because of its large transfer torque and low steady impact. In this paper, the involute helical gear reducer used in chemical process is studied. Its characteristics are that the transmission power is small, the load is constant, and the transmission ratio accuracy is high. However, after a long period of work, the tooth surface of the involute helical gear reducer will slowly wear out, and the tooth profile after wear will change, which is no longer an ideal involute line, resulting in the gear contact conditions also changing with the change. The transmission speed is no longer stable, which affects the quality of chemical production, so it is of great significance to study the wear of involute helical gears. This paper first introduces the development process of wear calculation, summarizes the experimental technology and simulation technology of involute cylindrical gear wear at home and abroad, introduces the mechanism of gear wear and three kinds of gear wear calculation principle. Based on the general model of wear calculation for linear contact parts and the numerical method, the tooth profile of gear is discretized into several contact points, and the dynamic process of gear wear is discretized into several quasi-static processes. The wear height of each discrete contact point in each quasi-static process and the effect of wear on the transmission ratio accuracy are calculated by using the mathematical model of numerical calculation of the tooth profile of involute helical gear considering the dynamic change of tooth profile in the process of wear. The involute helical gear is simulated to calculate the transmission ratio accuracy of the gear after wear and the influence of other factors on the gear transmission accuracy is analyzed. The main work includes: converting the wear calculation model of involute spur gear into involute helical gear, calculating the state parameters of discrete contact point on tooth profile, and judging the meshing condition of each contact point. The wear height, instantaneous transmission ratio and transmission ratio accuracy of each discrete contact point are calculated. The influence of gear input power and mechanical power on gear wear is further analyzed, and the transmission ratio accuracy of involute spur gear after wear is compared. Finally, concrete measures to reduce the wear of involute helical gear reducer are put forward.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：TH132.41

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