塔式起重机模拟器场景中特效技术的研究与实现

发布时间：2018-10-20 07:12

【摘要】：塔式起重机作业环境中特殊效果种类繁多、表现各异,主要特点是形状不固定、运动不规则,难以用常规的建模和绘制方法来仿真,或者所建立的模型往往难以兼顾真实性、实时性和开放性等要求。粒子系统是用于不规则模糊物体建模及图像生成的一种方法,此方法采用了一套完全不同于以往造型、绘制系统的方法来构造和绘制景物,形成了景物的整体形态和特征以及动态变化。本论文以起重机驾驶模拟器作为场景,设计与实现了基于虚拟现实的逼真粒子特效。此课题来源于“国家质检总局科研项目基于半实物仿真的塔式起重机模拟培训系统(项目编号：2009QK0293)”和“塔式起重机集群安全作业智能控制系统(项目编号：2009QK0294)”。本论文首先介绍基于虚拟现实的粒子特效系统的基本概念、生成规则与过程后,通过对现有各种粒子系统的视觉效果的研究与分析,指出现有粒子效果不完善的地方以及改进方案。同时,根据现有的碰撞检测技术,分析了在粒子系统中的应用方法,使效果更逼真。在大型应用系统中加入粒子特效,可以有效地增强场景的真实性,使系统功能更强大,用户沉浸性更好。本文实现了多种粒子特效,如雨雪效、雾效、工地上施工的火花,在雪效的场景中,首次尝试对粒子使用碰撞检测技术进行粒子运动计算,使雪粒子不可穿越其他物体,以实现更逼真的场景。本文就三类特效场景、运动控制两个方面进行了设计,根据粒子场景的特点,采用基于纹理的建模方法,结合实时性渲染技术,建立了多种逼真的特效场景,不仅增加了场景的沉浸感,且提高了生成效率。为了使粒子场景效果更真实,本文采用碰撞检测技术对雪粒子的运动进行控制,给出了粒子与其他模型碰撞的结果以及分析,并在.net开发平台下,实现了塔机驾驶模拟器场景的漫游,最后对本文的工作进行了总结。
[Abstract]:There are many kinds of special effects in the working environment of tower cranes, which are characterized by irregular shape and irregular movement, which are difficult to simulate by conventional modeling and rendering methods, or are difficult to take into account the authenticity of the models established. Real-time and openness requirements. Particle system is a method for modeling and image generation of irregular fuzzy objects. Formed the overall form and characteristics of the scene and dynamic changes. In this paper, a crane driving simulator is used as a scene to design and implement a realistic particle effect based on virtual reality. This topic comes from "tower crane simulation training system (project number: 2009QK0293)" and "tower crane cluster security operation intelligent control system (project number: 2009QK0294)" based on hardware-in-the-loop simulation. This paper first introduces the basic concept of particle special effect system based on virtual reality. After generating rules and processes, the visual effects of various particle systems are studied and analyzed. Points out that the existing particle effect is not perfect and the improvement scheme. At the same time, according to the existing collision detection technology, the application method in particle system is analyzed to make the effect more realistic. Adding particle effects to large application systems can effectively enhance the reality of the scene, make the system more powerful, user immersion better. In this paper, a variety of particle effects are realized, such as rain and snow effects, fog effects, and sparks in construction site. In the snow effect scene, the first attempt is made to calculate particle motion using collision detection technology, so that snow particles cannot cross other objects. To achieve a more realistic scene. This paper designs three kinds of special effect scene and motion control. According to the characteristics of particle scene, it uses texture-based modeling method and real-time rendering technology to establish a variety of lifelike special effect scenes. It not only increases the immersive feeling of the scene, but also improves the efficiency of generation. In order to make the effect of particle scene more realistic, this paper uses collision detection technology to control the motion of snow particle, and gives the result and analysis of particle collision with other models. The scene roaming of tower crane driving simulator is realized. Finally, the work of this paper is summarized.
【学位授予单位】：武汉理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：TH213.3

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