机电产品安全性预警研究

发布时间：2018-10-20 14:03

【摘要】：随着科技的发展,机电产品在人们生产、生活中起到了越来越重要的作用,同时,因产品安全性问题导致的事故也屡见不鲜。安全性是产品的重要性能参数,为了能够更好的提高产品的安全性,本文引入了预警的概念,“预警”作为一种预防事故发生的有效方法对减少不必要的人员伤亡、财产损失等事故有重要作用。本文在系统安全分析方法及失效概率理论的基础上建立了机电产品安全性预警模型。该模型的目的为构建产品事故的发生概率与产品的零部件失效概率之间的一种关系,进而计算产品事故的发生概率超出可接受的限值时所对应的预警时刻。首先,本文对分析得出的产品事故类型,按照可能产生的事故后果的严重性等级确定预警级别。其次,根据经验、相关标准等设定事故的发生概率限值,由事故树分析找出所有可能导致产品事故发生的零部件失效模式组合(最小割集)。最后,根据产品事故顶上事件的发生概率公式,结合失效概率公式构建一个含有变量t的函数关系式求解预警时间,依此提前告警以预防事故的发生。对可修复产品而言,本文提出了二次预警,即在产品维修后的继续使用过程中,也可以通过预警来提高产品的安全性,最后,本文以电梯为实例,对本文的机电产品安全性预警模型进行了应用验证。
[Abstract]:With the development of science and technology, mechanical and electrical products play a more and more important role in people's production and life. At the same time, accidents caused by product safety problems are not uncommon. Safety is an important performance parameter of products. In order to improve the safety of products better, the concept of early warning is introduced in this paper. As an effective method to prevent accidents, early warning can reduce unnecessary casualties. Accidents such as property losses play an important role. Based on the system safety analysis method and failure probability theory, a safety early warning model for electromechanical products is established in this paper. The purpose of this model is to construct a relationship between the probability of product accident and the probability of failure of product parts, and then to calculate the corresponding warning time when the probability of product accident exceeds the acceptable limit. First of all, according to the severity of the possible accident consequences, this paper determines the warning level for the product accident types. Secondly, according to the experience, the relevant standards set the probability limit of the occurrence of the accident, and the failure mode combination (minimum cut set) of all parts that may lead to the product accident is found out by the accident tree analysis. Finally, according to the probability formula of the event on the top of the product accident, combining the failure probability formula, a function formula with variable t is constructed to solve the early warning time, so as to prevent the occurrence of the accident in advance. For the repairable products, this paper puts forward the second warning, that is, in the process of continuous use of the product after maintenance, it can also improve the safety of the product through early warning. Finally, this paper takes the elevator as an example. The safety warning model of electromechanical products in this paper is verified by application.
【学位授予单位】：沈阳航空航天大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：TH-39

【参考文献】