内外啮合齿轮马达的设计与研究

发布时间：2018-11-01 11:48

【摘要】：当前，液压技术作为实现现代传动与控制的关键基础技术之一，已经成为农林机械、工程建设机械及国防尖端产品等不可缺少的重要基础。对液压元件的改进与创新是推动液压技术发展的重要方向，本课题从‘双定子’思想出发，力图打破原有齿轮马达的结构，实现在不改变输入流量的情况下，对齿轮马达的转速调节，从而探讨出一种新型结构的内外啮合齿轮马达。该新型结构的齿轮马达，与传统的齿轮马达的区别是：该马达在一个壳体中，有内啮合齿轮马达和外啮合齿轮马达两个马达，两马达可以单独工作，也可联合工作。该马达仅通过切换自己不同的连接方式就可以实现多级转速和多级转矩的输出，省去了节流阀、减压阀等耗能元件，减少了能源的浪费，提高了效率。文中首先确定了内外啮合齿轮马达的工作原理以及结构，推导出了单个内啮合齿轮马达与单个外啮合齿轮马达的排量、转速以及输出扭矩的理论计算方法与公式，对该齿轮马达的结构进行了优化设计，并结合设计要求，选定出该马达的主要零件的参数与尺寸。然后对齿轮的径向力展开讨论研究，分别对外啮合齿轮马达径向力与内啮合齿轮马达径向力的计算公式进行推导演算，根据样机的主要零部件的尺寸参数，计算出样机的齿轮径向力，对该马达的主要零件的力学强度进行了校核，并运用Solidworks的simulation仿真软件对月牙板的力学性能进行了模拟仿真。最后对齿轮马达的泄漏途径、大小进行了详细的说明和介绍，并对齿轮马达的各个途径的泄漏建立了数学模型。典型样机的试验表明，，在进出口压差以及马达输入流量不变的情况下，该齿轮马达在4种连接方式时的输出转矩成一定比例关系，与理论分析一致。由于该齿轮马达多处采用了间隙密封的方案，加上样机加工的精度不够，导致该马达容积效率随着压差的增加不断降低，但其机械效率相对较高。样机实验基本验证了双定子摆动液压马达工作原理的正确性，印证了双定子思想同样可以在齿轮泵或齿轮马达体系的应用，为以后齿轮马达的改进设计提供了重要依据。
[Abstract]:At present, hydraulic technology, as one of the key basic technologies to realize modern transmission and control, has become an indispensable and important foundation for agricultural and forestry machinery, engineering construction machinery and national defense advanced products. The improvement and innovation of hydraulic components is an important direction to promote the development of hydraulic technology. Based on the idea of "double stator", this subject tries to break the structure of the original gear motor and realize the situation without changing the input flow rate. A new type of internal and external meshing gear motor is developed by adjusting the speed of gear motor. The difference between the new type gear motor and the traditional gear motor is that the motor has two motors in one shell, the internal gear motor and the outer gear motor. The two motors can work separately or jointly. The motor can realize the output of multi-stage rotational speed and multi-stage torque only by switching its own different connection mode, thus eliminating the energy consumption elements such as throttle valve and pressure reducing valve, reducing the waste of energy and improving the efficiency. In this paper, the working principle and structure of the internal and external meshing gear motor are first determined, and the theoretical calculation methods and formulas of the displacement, rotational speed and output torque of the single internal gear motor and the single outer meshing gear motor are derived. The structure of the gear motor is optimized and the parameters and dimensions of the main parts of the motor are selected according to the design requirements. Then, the radial force of gear is discussed and studied, and the calculation formulas of radial force of external meshing gear motor and radial force of internal meshing gear motor are derived, according to the dimension parameters of the main parts of the prototype, the radial force of the external meshing gear motor and the radial force of the internal meshing gear motor are calculated. The radial force of the gear was calculated and the mechanical strength of the main parts of the motor was checked. The mechanical properties of the crescent plate were simulated by simulation software of Solidworks. Finally, the leakage path and size of the gear motor are explained and introduced in detail, and the mathematical model of the leakage of the gear motor is established. The test results of typical prototype show that the output torque of the gear motor is proportional to the theoretical analysis under the condition of constant inlet and outlet pressure difference and constant input flow rate of the motor. Because the gear motor adopts clearance seal scheme in many places and the machining accuracy of the prototype is not enough, the volumetric efficiency of the motor decreases continuously with the increase of pressure difference, but its mechanical efficiency is relatively high. The experiment of the prototype basically verifies the correctness of the working principle of the double stator swing hydraulic motor, and proves that the double stator idea can also be applied in the gear pump or gear motor system, which provides an important basis for improving the design of the gear motor in the future.
【学位授予单位】：燕山大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TH137.51

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