液压往复泵与泵用转阀及控制技术的研究

发布时间：2018-11-29 08:02

【摘要】：和机械往复泵相比,液压往复泵存在着诸多的优势,故针对液压往复泵的研究和开发成为当前很有价值的研究课题之一。本文首先回顾了液压往复泵的发展历程和研究现状,明确了液压往复泵的研究过程中存在的几个亟待解决的问题,即换向冲击与总泵流量和压力稳定等问题。因此,设计出一种新型的转阀来控制该系统,并使得上述问题得到圆满解决。本文采用理论、设计、数学分析和计算机仿真相结合的研究方法,即在深入研究转阀的工作原理和特性的基础上,设计出能够使流量呈线性变化的转阀,通过计算然后建立起基于转阀控制、双液压站供油的液压三缸往复泵系统模型及仿真模型。通过论证,该转阀能够完全满足设计要求。具体内容包括；(1)对转阀的结构和原理进行了系统的分析,从理论上得出转阀能够实现液压往复泵的活塞(或柱塞)按照转阀设定的相位差交替地做往复运动,从而实现排出和吸入过程。(2)通过理论分析与计算,得出阀芯孔与阀套孔在圆周开度上的关系；得出活塞能够抵达前后死点,阀芯孔与阀套孔应该具有的理论最大过流面积关系式；并且分析得出阀套与阀芯孔口与流量叠加的稳定性关系以及与液压缸活塞连续运动的关系。(3)通过对基于转阀控制的液压三缸往复泵的泵阀的理论研究,明确得出通过泵阀的流量和通过液力端活塞排出或吸入的瞬时流量的对应关系,为建立泵阀的仿真模型奠定理论基础。(4)通过对关键元件的计算以及对AMESim仿真平台的深入研究,建立起基于双液压站供油、转阀控制的液压三缸往复泵系统的仿真模型,并在此基础上建立四缸和六缸的转阀控制的仿真模型。该系列仿真模型的建立,为基于AMESim的液压往复泵的研究积累了经验。(5)针对不同数目的缸,进行仿真结果的对比分析,验证了转阀在解决液压往复系统中所存在的换向冲击和流量压力波动等问题的可行性。这和理论分析结果是一致的,从而也反过来证明所建立的模型和仿真结果也是真实可靠的。相应于预先选定的液压缸和设定的活塞行程,反复调整转阀的过流面积与液压站的压力,最终可以得到比较理想的总泵叠加流量曲线和压力曲线,继而可以确定该液压缸对应的最佳转阀阀口。通过这种方法,可以为转阀的制造提供参考依据。通过将液压缸活塞的初始位置摆放在任意位置进行仿真,来验证转阀相位的自适应能力。
[Abstract]:Compared with mechanical reciprocating pump, hydraulic reciprocating pump has many advantages, so the research and development of hydraulic reciprocating pump has become one of the most valuable research topics. In this paper, the development history and research status of hydraulic reciprocating pump are reviewed at first, and several problems that need to be solved in the research process of hydraulic reciprocating pump, such as commutative impact, flow rate and pressure stability of total pump, are clarified. Therefore, a new type of rotary valve is designed to control the system, and the above problems are solved satisfactorily. This paper adopts the research method of combining theory, design, mathematical analysis and computer simulation, that is, on the basis of deeply studying the working principle and characteristics of the rotary valve, the rotary valve which can make the flow rate change linearly is designed. The model and simulation model of hydraulic three cylinder reciprocating pump system based on rotary valve control and double hydraulic station oil supply are established by calculation. Through demonstration, the valve can completely meet the design requirements. Specific content includes; The main contents are as follows: (1) the structure and principle of the rotary valve are systematically analyzed, and it is theoretically concluded that the piston (or plunger) of the hydraulic reciprocating pump can reciprocate alternately according to the phase difference set by the rotary valve. Through theoretical analysis and calculation, the relationship between valve core hole and valve sleeve hole in circumferential opening is obtained. It is obtained that the piston can reach the dead point before and after, and the relationship between the valve core hole and the valve sleeve hole should have the theoretical maximum overcurrent area; The relationship between the stability of valve sleeve and valve core orifice and flow rate superposition and the continuous motion of hydraulic cylinder piston are obtained. (3) through the theoretical research on the pump valve of hydraulic three-cylinder reciprocating pump based on rotary valve control, The corresponding relationship between the flow rate through the pump valve and the instantaneous flow rate discharged or inhaled through the hydraulic end piston is clearly obtained. It lays a theoretical foundation for establishing the simulation model of the pump valve. (4) through the calculation of the key components and the in-depth study of the AMESim simulation platform, the simulation model of the hydraulic three-cylinder reciprocating pump system based on the dual hydraulic station oil supply and the control of the rotary valve is established. On this basis, the simulation model of four-cylinder and six-cylinder rotary valve control is established. The establishment of this series of simulation models has accumulated experience for the research of hydraulic reciprocating pump based on AMESim. (5) comparing and analyzing the simulation results for different number of cylinders. The feasibility of the rotary valve in solving the problems of reversing impact and flow and pressure fluctuation in hydraulic reciprocating system is verified. This is consistent with the theoretical analysis, which in turn proves that the established model and simulation results are also true and reliable. According to the pre-selected hydraulic cylinder and the set piston stroke, the overflow area of the rotary valve and the pressure of the hydraulic station can be adjusted repeatedly. Finally, the ideal total pump superposition flow curve and pressure curve can be obtained. Then the optimal valve opening of the hydraulic cylinder can be determined. This method can provide reference for the manufacture of rotary valve. The initial position of the cylinder piston is simulated in any position to verify the adaptive capability of the phase of the rotary valve.
【学位授予单位】：西南石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：TH137.5

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