轴承圆柱滚子快速批量倒圆工艺及材料微观去除机理的研究

发布时间：2018-12-10 11:24

【摘要】：设备的可靠性、工作精度、寿命、性能等,均与轴承质量的好坏关系密切。根据轴承性能要求和结构特点,以提高轴承滚柱的加工质量为目的,突破现有老化的加工工艺,实现创新,进而使轴承的性能和寿命有所提高,对轴承制造业具有很重要的意义。纺织机械中使用到的纺锭轴承由于无内圈,滚柱与锭子直接接触,且轴承转速较高(10000r/min),滚柱端面与锭子形成接触滑动,引起滚柱端部的严重磨损;同时也形成锭子的磨损,所以倒圆小或无圆角,直接影响着轴承与锭子的寿命。针对现有生产工艺存在的问题(倒圆小,加工时间长),提出化学机械复合的方法对滚柱进行倒圆角。采用本工艺,滚柱的倒角时间可缩短9倍。本课题所研究的工艺主要是由两个正交试验的对比组成。通过这两组正交试验的对比,得出工艺的最佳配比:粉末研磨为120g,设备为离心研磨机,磨料为棕刚玉斜圆柱体磨料(8mm×16mm),时间为8h,工件与磨料的容积比为1:4,水为2L。对圆角进行测量,符合要求(要求0.25mm-0.5mm)。对加工后工件的表面粗糙度、硬度、微观形貌,光泽度进行对比分析,得出经过本工艺加工的工件,优于用振动机、滚筒的加工。本文研究了研磨剂、设备、磨料以及综合因素对倒圆效果的影响。研究表明,粉末研磨剂在低于120g时,滚柱表面的去除不是很明显,并且滚柱表面呈黑色无光亮;当粉末研磨剂的含量达到120g时,可以获得很好的加工效果,即圆角的生成较快,外圆的去除也较快。当粉末研磨剂的含量超过120g时,产生的氧化膜不能及时被溶解,影响了加工效率,所以圆角的加工时间将被延长。回转式滚筒、离心机、振动机在相同条件下进实验对比,得出离心机的效率是最高;综合因素的影响中对磨料的选择做出分析,最终得出斜圆柱棕刚玉磨料(8×16)符合本工艺要求。
[Abstract]:The reliability, working precision, service life and performance of the equipment are closely related to the quality of bearing. According to the performance requirements and structural characteristics of bearings, the purpose of improving the processing quality of bearing roller is to break through the existing aging processing technology, to realize innovation, and then to improve the performance and life of bearings. It is of great significance to the bearing manufacturing industry. Because the spindle bearing used in textile machinery has no inner ring, the roller is in direct contact with the spindle, and the speed of the bearing is higher (10000r/min), the end surface of the roller and the spindle form contact sliding, which causes serious wear at the end of the roller. At the same time, spindle wear is also formed, so the reverse circle is small or not, which directly affects the life of bearings and spindles. In view of the problems existing in the existing production process (the reverse circle is small and the processing time is long), the chemical-mechanical compound method is put forward to reverse the round angle of the roller. With this process, the chamfering time of roller can be reduced by 9 times. The process studied in this paper is mainly composed of two orthogonal experiments. Through the comparison of the two groups of orthogonal experiments, the optimum ratio of the technology is obtained: the powder grinding is 120g, the equipment is a centrifugal grinder, the abrasive is 8mm 脳 16mm, the time is 8 h, the volume ratio of workpiece to abrasive is 1: 4, the ratio of workpiece to abrasive is 1: 4, and the ratio of workpiece to abrasive is 1: 4. Water is 2L. Measure the rounded corners to meet the requirements (0.25mm-0.5mm). The surface roughness, hardness, micromorphology and glossiness of the workpiece are compared and analyzed, and it is concluded that the workpiece processed by this process is superior to the machining with vibration machine and drum. In this paper, the effects of abrasive, equipment, abrasive and synthetic factors on the reverse circle effect are studied. The results show that the removal of roller surface is not obvious when powder grinding agent is less than 120g, and the roller surface is black and without brightness. When the content of powder abrasives reaches 120g, a good processing effect can be obtained, that is, the formation of round corners is faster, and the removal of outer circles is also faster. When the content of powder abrasive is more than 120g, the oxide film produced can not be dissolved in time, which affects the processing efficiency, so the processing time of round angle will be prolonged. The rotary drum, centrifuge and vibration machine are compared under the same conditions. The result shows that the efficiency of centrifuge is the highest. The choice of abrasive is analyzed in the influence of comprehensive factors, and finally, it is concluded that the oblique cylindrical brown corundum abrasive (8 脳 16) meets the requirements of this process.
【学位授予单位】：江南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：TH133.3

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