叶片断裂与其气动非定常脉动分析
发布时间：2019-03-20 11:46
【摘要】：近年来,随着化学工业的发展,各种大型化工厂,炼油厂的建立,离心式压缩机已经日益成为压缩和输送化工生产中各种气体的关键,在工业生产中占有极其重要的地位。然而离心压缩机在实际运行中,叶片断裂事故却时有发生,断裂原因也多种多样,排除个别由于外物不慎掉入叶轮内部打伤叶片造成的机械损伤以及酸性介质会对金属叶片产生化学腐蚀造成的叶片破坏原因以外,叶轮本身设计不够合理、流动不畅造成的叶片损伤却是最常见原因之一。其中由于这种原因引发的叶片断裂则需要广大流体科研人员通过对叶轮进行深入的气动分析,从而找出问题,并通过后期的优化使问题得以最终解决。 本文正是基于某厂研制的一进口导叶可调型压缩机在实际运行中发生叶片断裂事故展开的。据可靠资料,本机组发生断裂时该厂另外几台同型压缩机也相继发生过叶片断裂,初步断定本次叶片断裂可能正是由于气动设计不够合理,才造成叶轮某工况下流动破坏以致事故的发生。 由于不清楚断裂发生时导叶工作开度的大小和当时准确的运行工况点,因此,本文需要借助CFD软件数值模拟出该离心压缩机叶轮和导叶在所有设计开度下的流动,深入分析其在各个可能运行工况下的流动情况以求从气动方面找出不稳定工况点,找到引发故障的原因,进一步从非定常流动特征方面展开对叶片的扰动破坏分析。 经计算结果表明：当导叶开度为负20度,在设计工况小流量下,叶轮在叶片顶端出现了严重的流动分离,这极有可能是引起本次叶片断裂的原因。通过本文的研究为该型压缩机的叶片断裂提供了可靠的气动分析,深入分析了其疲劳破坏机理,同时为下一步力学分析提供了可靠的理论依据和坚实的数据基础,为工厂解决了实际问题。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the development of chemical industry, the establishment of various large-scale chemical plants and refineries, centrifugal compressors have increasingly become the key to compress and transport various gases in chemical production, and play an extremely important role in industrial production. However, in the actual operation of centrifugal compressor, blade fracture accidents occur from time to time, and the fracture reasons are also varied. Except for the mechanical damage caused by accidentally falling into the impeller and the damage caused by chemical corrosion caused by acidic medium, the impeller design is not reasonable enough, and the design of the impeller itself is not reasonable, except for the mechanical damage caused by the accidental fall into the impeller and the damage caused by chemical corrosion caused by acidic medium. Blade damage caused by poor flow is one of the most common causes. The blade fracture caused by this reason requires the fluid researchers to find out the problem through the in-depth aerodynamic analysis of the impeller, and finally solve the problem through the optimization of the later stage. This paper is based on an inlet guide vane adjustable compressor developed by a factory in the actual operation of the blade fracture accident unfolding. According to reliable data, several other compressors of the same type in this plant also had blade fracture when the unit broke. It is concluded that the blade fracture may be due to unreasonable aerodynamic design. In order to cause impellers under a certain working condition flow failure and accidents occur. Because it is not clear about the working opening of the guide vane and the exact operating conditions at that time, it is necessary to simulate the flow of the centrifugal compressor impeller and guide vane under all design openings with the aid of CFD software in this paper, and it is necessary to simulate the flow of the centrifugal compressor impeller and guide vane under all design opening conditions. An in-depth analysis of the flow conditions under various possible operating conditions is made to find out the unstable operating conditions and the cause of the failure from the aerodynamic aspect, and to further analyze the disturbance and failure of the blades from the unsteady flow characteristics. The calculation results show that when the opening of the guide blade is negative 20 degrees and the flow separation occurs at the tip of the blade at a small flow rate under the design condition, this may be the cause of the blade fracture. The research in this paper provides reliable aerodynamic analysis for the blade fracture of the compressor, and deeply analyzes its fatigue failure mechanism. At the same time, it provides reliable theoretical basis and solid data foundation for the next mechanical analysis. The actual problem was solved for the factory.
【学位授予单位】：大连理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：TH452
本文编号：2444185
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the development of chemical industry, the establishment of various large-scale chemical plants and refineries, centrifugal compressors have increasingly become the key to compress and transport various gases in chemical production, and play an extremely important role in industrial production. However, in the actual operation of centrifugal compressor, blade fracture accidents occur from time to time, and the fracture reasons are also varied. Except for the mechanical damage caused by accidentally falling into the impeller and the damage caused by chemical corrosion caused by acidic medium, the impeller design is not reasonable enough, and the design of the impeller itself is not reasonable, except for the mechanical damage caused by the accidental fall into the impeller and the damage caused by chemical corrosion caused by acidic medium. Blade damage caused by poor flow is one of the most common causes. The blade fracture caused by this reason requires the fluid researchers to find out the problem through the in-depth aerodynamic analysis of the impeller, and finally solve the problem through the optimization of the later stage. This paper is based on an inlet guide vane adjustable compressor developed by a factory in the actual operation of the blade fracture accident unfolding. According to reliable data, several other compressors of the same type in this plant also had blade fracture when the unit broke. It is concluded that the blade fracture may be due to unreasonable aerodynamic design. In order to cause impellers under a certain working condition flow failure and accidents occur. Because it is not clear about the working opening of the guide vane and the exact operating conditions at that time, it is necessary to simulate the flow of the centrifugal compressor impeller and guide vane under all design openings with the aid of CFD software in this paper, and it is necessary to simulate the flow of the centrifugal compressor impeller and guide vane under all design opening conditions. An in-depth analysis of the flow conditions under various possible operating conditions is made to find out the unstable operating conditions and the cause of the failure from the aerodynamic aspect, and to further analyze the disturbance and failure of the blades from the unsteady flow characteristics. The calculation results show that when the opening of the guide blade is negative 20 degrees and the flow separation occurs at the tip of the blade at a small flow rate under the design condition, this may be the cause of the blade fracture. The research in this paper provides reliable aerodynamic analysis for the blade fracture of the compressor, and deeply analyzes its fatigue failure mechanism. At the same time, it provides reliable theoretical basis and solid data foundation for the next mechanical analysis. The actual problem was solved for the factory.
【学位授予单位】：大连理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：TH452
【引证文献】
相关期刊论文 前1条
1 黄好通;;论水处理设备风机的选型及能耗分析与研究[J];科技信息;2013年12期
相关硕士学位论文 前2条
1 范朝阳;某离心式压缩机可调进口导叶叶型研究[D];大连理工大学;2013年
2 王素景;离心式压缩机叶轮的随机振动分析[D];大连理工大学;2013年
，本文编号：2444185
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