基于嵌入式的变频调速起重机拖动控制系统的应用研究
发布时间：2019-04-22 07:43
【摘要】：起重机的拖动控制系统是起重机技术的核心，它将起重机的各个运行机构有机的组合起来，实现起重机复杂的功能和稳定有效的运行。目前桥式起重机广泛采用的拖动控制系统为以绕线转子异步电动机转子回路中串联电阻的方法进行起动和调速，采用继电器-接触器进行控制。这种拖动控制系统带来的机械冲击严重，电气元件频繁损坏，机械制动磨损严重，设备故障率高，保护性能差，能源损耗大，影响桥式起重机的工作效率和作业安全。本文提出以嵌入式微处理器和变频器搭建桥式起重机的新式拖动控制系统，，简化结构，提高性能，使起重机更加适应快速、高效、安全、低耗的现代化生产作业需要。 本文详细介绍了以ARM7芯片为核心并配合变频拖动技术的桥式起重机主控制器的硬件结构及其软件设计。文中阐述了桥式起重机的程序控制策略，提出了基于嵌入式和变频技术的速度控制方法，实现起重机的可靠控制和平稳调速。本文讨论了桥式起重机主、副起升机构防逆转保护以及接触器触点防粘连保护的设计和实现，还探讨了基于模糊控制技术的负载转矩补偿机制，并将其应用于主、副起升机构的防溜钩控制。此外，本文采用CAN总线技术实现桥式起重机主控制器与起升重量限制器等其它控制器之间的实时可靠通信。
[Abstract]:The driving control system of crane is the core of crane technology. It combines the operation mechanism of crane organically to realize the complex function and stable and effective operation of crane. At present, the driving control system widely used in overhead cranes is to start and adjust speed by means of series resistance in rotor loop of winding rotor asynchronous motor, and adopts relay-contactor to control. The mechanical impact caused by this driving control system is serious, electrical components are frequently damaged, mechanical braking wear is serious, equipment failure rate is high, protection performance is poor, energy consumption is large, and it affects the working efficiency and safety of overhead crane. In this paper, a new type of driving control system of bridge crane with embedded microprocessor and frequency converter is proposed to simplify the structure and improve the performance, so that the crane can meet the needs of fast, high efficiency, safety and low consumption modern production. In this paper, the hardware structure and software design of the main controller of bridge crane based on ARM7 chip and frequency conversion driving technology are introduced in detail. In this paper, the program control strategy of overhead crane is described, and the speed control method based on embedded and variable frequency technology is put forward to realize the reliable control and smooth speed regulation of the crane. This paper discusses the design and realization of the anti-reverse protection of the main and secondary lifting mechanism of bridge crane and the contact anti-adhesion protection of contactor. The load torque compensation mechanism based on fuzzy control technology is also discussed and applied to the main crane. The anti-roll hook control of the secondary lifting mechanism. In addition, the CAN bus technology is used to realize the real-time and reliable communication between the main controller of bridge crane and other controllers such as lifting weight limiter.
【学位授予单位】：暨南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：TH215
本文编号：2462638
[Abstract]:The driving control system of crane is the core of crane technology. It combines the operation mechanism of crane organically to realize the complex function and stable and effective operation of crane. At present, the driving control system widely used in overhead cranes is to start and adjust speed by means of series resistance in rotor loop of winding rotor asynchronous motor, and adopts relay-contactor to control. The mechanical impact caused by this driving control system is serious, electrical components are frequently damaged, mechanical braking wear is serious, equipment failure rate is high, protection performance is poor, energy consumption is large, and it affects the working efficiency and safety of overhead crane. In this paper, a new type of driving control system of bridge crane with embedded microprocessor and frequency converter is proposed to simplify the structure and improve the performance, so that the crane can meet the needs of fast, high efficiency, safety and low consumption modern production. In this paper, the hardware structure and software design of the main controller of bridge crane based on ARM7 chip and frequency conversion driving technology are introduced in detail. In this paper, the program control strategy of overhead crane is described, and the speed control method based on embedded and variable frequency technology is put forward to realize the reliable control and smooth speed regulation of the crane. This paper discusses the design and realization of the anti-reverse protection of the main and secondary lifting mechanism of bridge crane and the contact anti-adhesion protection of contactor. The load torque compensation mechanism based on fuzzy control technology is also discussed and applied to the main crane. The anti-roll hook control of the secondary lifting mechanism. In addition, the CAN bus technology is used to realize the real-time and reliable communication between the main controller of bridge crane and other controllers such as lifting weight limiter.
【学位授予单位】：暨南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：TH215
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