装载机全液压转向系统机液联合仿真与实验研究
发布时间：2019-05-25 03:00
【摘要】：装载机是工程机械中广泛使用的机种，在工程建设项目中发挥着重要的作用。转向系统是装载机重要的子系统之一，转向系统的性能好坏直接关系到装载机的安全可靠性，因此对于转向系统的研究工作具有重要的意义。以往对于转向系统的研究大多基于系统的数学模型，对于元件及负载都进行了多种简化和等效，特别是对于转向系统的负载无法建立准确的模型。基于此，本文结合校企合作项目“装载机液压系统及传动系统动态仿真分析及对比测试研究”，以铰接式装载机的负荷传感全液压转向系统为研究对象，采用机液联合仿真的方法对转向系统的动态特性进行了分析研究。 本文根据优先阀、转向器的实际结构，详细分析了转向系统两大关键元件的工作原理，通过对优先阀和转向器建立静态数学模型，分析了二者的静态特性；同时，对轮胎进行了相关的理论分析。在此基础上，利用AMESim软件建立了优先阀和转向器的仿真模型，其中对转向器提出一种全新的建模方式，可以充分体现转向器的实际结构并保证其位移控制随动功能，进而很好地反映其原理性能。根据不同工况，对转向系统进行了动态仿真分析，通过仿真发现两个转向油缸的运动有一定区别，其中转向同侧的油缸运动速度稍快，活塞杆位移较大，指出一直以来的误区，为以后的设计工作提供了参考。通过铰接式装载机的转向系统实验，验证了仿真模型的正确性，，并分析了系统的动态性能。 鉴于一直以来对于转向系统负载等效的困难，本文通过多体动力学仿真软件LMS Virtual.Lab Motion建立了铰接式装载机的动力学仿真模型，充分考虑了转向机构和轮胎与地面作用对转向的影响，并与AMESim进行机液联合仿真，通过与实验的对比证明，联合仿真结果与实验结果比较接近，可以很好地反映实际情况，从而为转向系统的负载模拟开辟了一种新的途径。同时，通过对不同工况的联合仿真，分析了转向过程中轮胎的受力情况及其对系统压力的影响，并发现适当减小轮胎的侧偏刚度有利于减小转向的压力振摆现象，为以后的研究工作提供了参考。
[Abstract]:Loader is widely used in construction machinery and plays an important role in engineering construction projects. Steering system is one of the important subsystems of loader. the performance of steering system is directly related to the safety and reliability of loaders, so it is of great significance to the research work of steering system. In the past, most of the research on steering system is based on the mathematical model of the system, and many kinds of simplification and equivalence have been carried out for the components and loads, especially for the load of the steering system, it is impossible to establish an accurate model. Based on this, combined with the cooperation project between school and enterprise, "dynamic simulation analysis and comparative test research of hydraulic system and transmission system of loader", this paper takes the load sensing full hydraulic steering system of hinged loader as the research object. The dynamic characteristics of steering system are analyzed and studied by using the method of machine-liquid joint simulation. In this paper, according to the actual structure of priority valve and steering gear, the working principle of two key components of steering system is analyzed in detail, and the static characteristics of priority valve and steering gear are analyzed by establishing static mathematical model of priority valve and steering gear. At the same time, the related theoretical analysis of tire is carried out. On this basis, the simulation model of priority valve and steering gear is established by using AMESim software, in which a new modeling method is proposed for steering gear, which can fully reflect the actual structure of steering gear and ensure its displacement control follow-up function. Then it reflects its principle and performance very well. According to different working conditions, the dynamic simulation analysis of the steering system is carried out. Through the simulation, it is found that there are some differences in the motion of the two steering cylinders, in which the moving speed of the steering cylinder on the same side is slightly faster and the displacement of the piston rod is larger, pointing out the misunderstanding for a long time. It provides a reference for the future design work. The correctness of the simulation model is verified by the steering system experiment of the hinged loader, and the dynamic performance of the system is analyzed. In view of the difficulty of load equivalence for steering system, the dynamic simulation model of hinged loader is established by using multi-body dynamics simulation software LMS Virtual.Lab Motion. The influence of steering mechanism and tire and ground action on steering is fully considered, and the joint simulation with AMESim is carried out. the comparison with the experiment shows that the joint simulation results are close to the experimental results and can reflect the actual situation very well. Thus, a new way for load simulation of steering system is opened up. At the same time, through the joint simulation of different working conditions, the stress of the tire and its influence on the system pressure during the steering process are analyzed, and it is found that the proper reduction of the lateral stiffness of the tire is beneficial to reduce the pressure pendulum phenomenon of the steering. It provides a reference for the future research work.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：TH243
本文编号：2485434
[Abstract]:Loader is widely used in construction machinery and plays an important role in engineering construction projects. Steering system is one of the important subsystems of loader. the performance of steering system is directly related to the safety and reliability of loaders, so it is of great significance to the research work of steering system. In the past, most of the research on steering system is based on the mathematical model of the system, and many kinds of simplification and equivalence have been carried out for the components and loads, especially for the load of the steering system, it is impossible to establish an accurate model. Based on this, combined with the cooperation project between school and enterprise, "dynamic simulation analysis and comparative test research of hydraulic system and transmission system of loader", this paper takes the load sensing full hydraulic steering system of hinged loader as the research object. The dynamic characteristics of steering system are analyzed and studied by using the method of machine-liquid joint simulation. In this paper, according to the actual structure of priority valve and steering gear, the working principle of two key components of steering system is analyzed in detail, and the static characteristics of priority valve and steering gear are analyzed by establishing static mathematical model of priority valve and steering gear. At the same time, the related theoretical analysis of tire is carried out. On this basis, the simulation model of priority valve and steering gear is established by using AMESim software, in which a new modeling method is proposed for steering gear, which can fully reflect the actual structure of steering gear and ensure its displacement control follow-up function. Then it reflects its principle and performance very well. According to different working conditions, the dynamic simulation analysis of the steering system is carried out. Through the simulation, it is found that there are some differences in the motion of the two steering cylinders, in which the moving speed of the steering cylinder on the same side is slightly faster and the displacement of the piston rod is larger, pointing out the misunderstanding for a long time. It provides a reference for the future design work. The correctness of the simulation model is verified by the steering system experiment of the hinged loader, and the dynamic performance of the system is analyzed. In view of the difficulty of load equivalence for steering system, the dynamic simulation model of hinged loader is established by using multi-body dynamics simulation software LMS Virtual.Lab Motion. The influence of steering mechanism and tire and ground action on steering is fully considered, and the joint simulation with AMESim is carried out. the comparison with the experiment shows that the joint simulation results are close to the experimental results and can reflect the actual situation very well. Thus, a new way for load simulation of steering system is opened up. At the same time, through the joint simulation of different working conditions, the stress of the tire and its influence on the system pressure during the steering process are analyzed, and it is found that the proper reduction of the lateral stiffness of the tire is beneficial to reduce the pressure pendulum phenomenon of the steering. It provides a reference for the future research work.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：TH243
【引证文献】
相关硕士学位论文 前1条
1 吕传祥;具有2DOF铰接车体挖掘机工作装置液压系统仿真与实验研究[D];吉林大学;2013年
本文编号：2485434
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