应用超级电容的集装箱门式起重机电驱动系统研究

发布时间：2019-06-24 22:31

【摘要】：轮胎式集装箱门式起重机具有操作灵活，可转场作业的特点，一直都是世界大型集装箱码头的专业设备，而且它的投资成本低，可以分批购买，所以在集装箱码头的使用率非常高，，很受欢迎。但是，近年来人们对节能环保意识的日益提高，使轮胎式集装箱门式起重机的使用受到了一定程度的限制。传统轮胎式集装箱门式起重机电源采用的是柴油发电机，在发电机运行中，一直都存在能量转换效率低，能耗和成本高的问题。针对传统集装箱门式起重机的缺点，将储能装置加入到起重机电驱动系统中，设计了基于超级电容的混合动力系统。利用超级电容存储电机制动和发电时的能量，将部分原来在制动电阻上消耗的能量存储起来再利用，从而降低能耗。论文首先分析了传统集装箱门式起重机工作过程中的能量传递和能量损失情况，基于分析结果提出了集装箱门式起重机节能改造的方案，并建立了整个混合动力系统模型进行仿真分析。结合超级电容的特点，研究了超级电容的充放电特性，并对充电效率进行了分析。同时在比较现有超级电容连接方式的基础上，对超级电容的参数进行了匹配，并分析了超级电容配置的经济性。根据系统要求，比较了DC/DC变换器不同拓扑的特点，确定双向Buck-Boost电路作为主电路结构。对DC/DC变换器系统进行了软硬件设计，为了验证设计的正确性，进行了相关的实验研究。对混合动力系统能量的存储和利用进行了详细分析，从而得出系统的控制要求。为减小起升机构频繁加减速对柴油发电机组造成的冲击，制定了双向DC/DC变换器的控制策略，并进行了仿真验证，仿真结果表明，所提出的控制策略是可行的。
[Abstract]:Tire container gantry crane has the characteristics of flexible operation and transferable operation. It has always been the professional equipment of large container terminals in the world, and its investment cost is low and can be purchased in batches, so the utilization rate in container terminals is very high and very popular. However, with the increasing awareness of energy saving and environmental protection in recent years, the use of tire container gantry cranes has been restricted to a certain extent. Diesel generator is used in the power supply of traditional tire container gantry crane. In the operation of the generator, there have always been the problems of low energy conversion efficiency, high energy consumption and cost. Aiming at the shortcomings of traditional container gantry crane, the energy storage device is added to the crane electromechanical drive system, and a hybrid power system based on supercapacitor is designed. The supercapacitor is used to store the energy of the motor when braking and generating electricity, and some of the energy consumed on the braking resistance is stored and reused, so as to reduce the energy consumption. In this paper, the energy transfer and energy loss in the working process of traditional container gantry crane are analyzed. Based on the analysis results, the scheme of energy saving transformation of container gantry crane is put forward, and the whole hybrid power system model is established for simulation analysis. Combined with the characteristics of supercapacitors, the charge and discharge characteristics of supercapacitors are studied, and the charging efficiency is analyzed. At the same time, on the basis of comparing the existing supercapacitor connection methods, the parameters of supercapacitor are matched, and the economy of supercapacitor configuration is analyzed. According to the requirements of the system, the characteristics of different topologies of DC/DC converter are compared, and the bidirectional Buck-Boost circuit is determined as the main circuit structure. The hardware and software of DC/DC converter system are designed. In order to verify the correctness of the design, the related experimental research is carried out. The energy storage and utilization of hybrid power system are analyzed in detail, and the control requirements of the system are obtained. In order to reduce the impact of frequent acceleration and deceleration of lifting mechanism on diesel generator set, the control strategy of bidirectional DC/DC converter is worked out and verified by simulation. The simulation results show that the proposed control strategy is feasible.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：TH213.5

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