精密气浮支承的承载特性分析与仿真

发布时间：2019-07-08 13:00

【摘要】：现代生产对精度的追求极大地推动了测试、光机电一体化和精密加工等技术的发展。精密气浮转台作为大口径非球面回转测量的主要执行机构,其优点是高精度、低摩擦、无污染。平面空气静压止推轴承作为主要的支承部件承担着整个气浮转台及其相关设备的重量,因而提高空气静压轴承的承载能力,就成了气体静压润滑理论研究和空气静压轴承设计的重要内容。对用于精密回转测量的双轴气浮转台中气体静压润滑止推轴承进行研究,基于气体静压润滑理论和计算流体力学,建立静压止推轴承间隙流体仿真的控制方程,采用有限体积法中的二阶迎风格式离散。建立几何结构和网格模型,进行入口压力、出口压力和壁面等边界条件设置,运用FLUENT软件从优化轴承结构角度进行仿真模拟。计算结果表明,在单一圆形气腔结构中：供气孔分布圆半径在55mm附近时气体消耗量最少,65mm附近时静承载力最大,单位载荷气体消耗率最低；对于单排供气来说,30。均匀排列形式具有最大的静承载力,60。非均匀排列形式的气体消耗量和单位载荷气体消耗率最小。在单一均压槽结构中：对于双排供气,交错分布优于顺序分布；小于22μm气膜条件下,双排均压槽的静承载力和静刚度大于单排均压槽,单排均压槽的单位载荷气体消耗率要小；对于提高静压轴承承载能力,开设双排连接型均压槽较优。通过对仿真模拟结果进行分析,在保证测试系统稳定的基础上,提出了静承载力和静刚度最大值时静压气浮轴承的结构形式,满足精密测量技术对双轴气浮转台的承载要求,对工程实践中静压止推轴承设计仿真工作有指导意义。
[Abstract]:The pursuit of modern production has greatly promoted the development of the technology such as testing, electro-mechanical integration and precision machining. The precision air-bearing rotary table is used as the main executing mechanism of large-caliber non-spherical rotation measurement, and has the advantages of high precision, low friction and no pollution. The plane-air static pressure thrust bearing, as the main bearing component, bears the weight of the whole air-bearing rotary table and its related equipment, thus improving the bearing capacity of the aerostatic bearing, and it is an important part of the research of the static-pressure lubrication theory and the design of the aerostatic-pressure bearing. In this paper, the hydrostatic lubrication thrust bearing in a double-shaft air-bearing turntable for precision rotation measurement is studied, and the control equation of the hydrostatic thrust bearing clearance fluid simulation is established based on the gas static pressure lubrication theory and the computational fluid mechanics, and the second-order upwind scheme is discrete in the finite volume method. The geometric structure and the mesh model are established, and the boundary conditions such as the inlet pressure, the outlet pressure and the wall surface are set, and the simulation is simulated by the FLUENT software from the angle of the optimized bearing structure. The results show that, in a single circular air cavity structure, the gas consumption is the least when the circular radius of the air supply hole is in the vicinity of 55 mm, the static bearing capacity is the maximum in the vicinity of 65 mm, the specific consumption rate of the unit load is the lowest, and for the single-row air supply,30. The uniform arrangement has the largest static bearing capacity,60. The gas consumption and the unit load gas consumption rate in the non-uniform arrangement form are the smallest. in a single-pressure groove structure, for double-row air supply, that cross distribution is superior to the sequence distribution; under the gas-film condition of less than 22 mu m, the static bearing capacity and the static rigidity of the double-row pressure-equalizing groove are larger than that of the single-row pressure-equalizing groove, and the unit load gas consumption rate of the single-row pressure-equalizing groove is small; In ord to improve that bearing capacity of the static pressure bearing, the double-row connection type pressure-equalizing groove is provide. Through the analysis of the simulation results, on the basis of ensuring the stability of the test system, the structure form of the static-pressure air-bearing bearing with the maximum static bearing capacity and the static stiffness maximum value is put forward, and the bearing requirement of the precision measuring technology on the double-shaft air-bearing turntable is met, It is of guiding significance to the design and simulation of static pressure thrust bearing in engineering practice.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TH133.36

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