方差体技术在煤矿小断层和陷落柱解释中的应用研究

发布时间：2018-02-07 16:52

本文关键词： 方差体三维地震水平切片小断层陷落柱　出处：《西安科技大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着矿井综合机械化开采程度的不断提高,对煤矿勘探的要求日益精细化。三维地震勘探技术以其独具的信息量大、分辨率高、控制网度密等优点,成为探测小断层及陷落柱等地质体一种卓有成效的方法。方差体技术则充分利用了三维数据体对地下情况的反映,通过检测地震道的局部不连续性,即可检测出地层中存在的异常情况。因此在识别小断层,陷落柱等地层不连续变化时,方差体技术使其更容易被识别,表现出了独特的优势。本次研究中选取了两个不同区域,利用方差体技术分别对小断层和陷落柱开展解释研究。首先,根据识别小断层和陷落柱对分辨率的特殊要求,对地震资料进行了属性空间重定义、真振幅恢复、反褶积、面元均化、随机噪音衰减、三维偏移等处理,形成具有高分辨率的三维数据体,为提取高质量的方差体数据打下基础。通过分析对比选取时窗长度为10ms,相邻道数为3道的乘法运算模式进行方差体数据提取,得到清晰可靠的方差体水平切片,并结合时间剖面分别对两个区的小断层和陷落柱进行解释,结果如下:阳泉一矿共计查明陷落柱20个,其中可靠陷落柱15个,较可靠陷落柱5个;转龙湾工区查明了三维勘查区内落差大于等于5m的断层4条,断层落差均在8~13m范围内,落差小于5m的断层3条。为矿方安全高效生产提供了有力指导。
[Abstract]:With the development of comprehensive mechanized mining, the requirement of coal mine exploration is becoming more and more fine. The 3D seismic exploration technology has the advantages of large amount of information, high resolution, dense control network and so on. It has become an effective method for detecting geological bodies such as small faults and collapse columns. The variance volume technique makes full use of the reflection of 3D data bodies to underground conditions and detects the local discontinuity of seismic traces. We can detect the anomalies in the strata. Therefore, when we identify the discontinuous changes of the strata, such as small faults and collapse columns, the variance volume technique makes it easier to be identified, showing a unique advantage. In this study, two different regions are selected. The interpretation of small faults and subsided columns is studied by variance volume technique. Firstly, according to the special requirements of identifying the resolution of small faults and collapse columns, the attribute space redefinition, true amplitude recovery, deconvolution of seismic data are carried out. Surface homogenization, random noise attenuation, 3D migration, etc., to form a high resolution 3D data volume, In order to extract the high quality variance volume data, the variance volume data are extracted by comparing and comparing the multiplication mode with 10 msof window length and 3 adjacent channels, and the level slice of variance volume is clear and reliable. The results are as follows: a total of 20 collapse columns have been identified in Yangquan No. 1 mine, of which 15 are reliable collapse columns and 5 are more reliable subsidence columns; Four faults with a drop of more than 5 m have been found in Zhuan Longwan area. The fault drop is in the range of 813 m and 3 faults with a drop less than 5 m. It provides a strong guide for the safe and efficient production of the mine.
【学位授予单位】：西安科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TD82;P631.4

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