以铁尾砂为主的植生基质的稳定性研究

发布时间：2018-02-10 18:48

本文关键词： 铁尾砂植生基质稳定性数值模拟　出处：《华北理工大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：露天开采边坡生态重建是矿产资源开发生态环境保护与恢复重建所面临的重大技术难题之一。通过对植生基质喷播技术系统的研究,对系统阐明岩体—基质—植被的防护作用及工程应用具有重要的科学意义及现实意义。论文围绕坡面岩体—基质—根系相互作用的力学效应,采用理论分析、试验研究与数值模拟相结合的方法,开展了植生基质配比、根—基质复合体物理力学试验、植生基质抗雨水冲刷试验和基质—坡面整体稳定性的数值模拟研究。1)根据不同品种水泥对水化反应后的植生基材p H值的影响程度,对水泥品种进行优选,试验选取硫铝酸盐水泥作为配制植生基质的胶结材料。2)试验选取高羊茅、沙打旺作为护坡植物,以根系的直径、长度、数量作为研究根系最大抗拉力、抗拉强度的变量,通过测定根系的拉力以及断面面积研究根系的抗拉性能。同一长度的沙打旺根系的最大抗拉力大于高羊茅根系最大抗拉力。3)以水泥、p H调节剂、秸秆作为研究根-基质复合体的抗压强度、抗剪强度的变量,通过正交试验法分析各个变量对根-基质复合体强度的影响大小,并最终确定水泥的掺加量对强度的影响最大。4)以降雨强度、降雨历时作为变量,测定每次冲刷的侵蚀量和径流量,从降雨入渗和降雨侵蚀两方面研究植生基质的抗雨水冲刷性能。随着配制植生基质中铁尾矿掺加量的增加,植生基质侵蚀量逐渐减小、径流量逐渐增大。5)利用有限元PLAXIS软件对以上数据进行数值模拟,研究有无植被、植被密度、坡度、饱和度对植生基质位移、应力变化的影响规律。随根系密度的减小,坡度的增加、饱和度的增加基质—坡面的整体稳定性降低。研究表明,在裸露的岩质边坡上喷播以铁尾砂、水泥、p H调节剂、秸秆等作为基础材料配制的植生基质可以达到生态治理的效果。
[Abstract]:The ecological reconstruction of slope in open-pit mining is one of the major technical problems faced by the protection and restoration of ecological environment in exploitation of mineral resources. It is of great scientific and practical significance to clarify systematically the protective effect and engineering application of rock-matrix vegetation. By combining the experimental research with numerical simulation, the physical and mechanical tests of the root matrix complex and the ratio of the plantlet matrix were carried out. The experiment of resistance to Rain Water and numerical simulation of the overall stability of substrate and slope. 1) according to the degree of influence of different kinds of cement on pH value of hydrated base material, the cement varieties were selected. The experiment selected sulphoaluminate cement as the cementing material to prepare the phytogenic matrix. 2) the experiment selected tall fescue and Astragalus adsurgens as slope protection plants. The diameter, length and quantity of root system were taken as variables to study the maximum tensile strength and tensile strength of root system. The tensile properties of roots were studied by measuring the tensile strength and cross section area of roots. The maximum tensile strength of the same length root system of Astragalus adsurgens was higher than that of tall fescue roots. Straw was used as a variable to study the compressive strength and shear strength of root-matrix complex. The influence of each variable on root-matrix complex strength was analyzed by orthogonal test. Finally, it is determined that the cement admixture has the greatest influence on the strength. 4) with rainfall intensity and rainfall duration as variables, the erosion amount and runoff of each scour are measured. The erosion resistance of phytogenic substrates to Rain Water was studied from the aspects of rainfall infiltration and rainfall erosion. With the increase of iron tailings addition, the erosion amount of phytogenic substrates decreased gradually. (5) using finite element PLAXIS software to simulate the above data, to study the influence of vegetation, vegetation density, slope and saturation on the displacement and stress change of vegetative matrix. With the increase of slope degree and the increase of saturation, the overall stability of substrate-slope is decreased. The research shows that the exposed rock slope is sprayed with iron tailings, cement and H modifier, The effect of ecological control can be achieved by using straw as the base material.
【学位授予单位】：华北理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TD926.4;X171.4;S359

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