大流量液控单向阀设计及实验研究

发布时间：2018-02-10 20:34

本文关键词： 大流量液控单向阀单向流固耦合动态特性实验研究设计方法　出处：《中国矿业大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着高产高效采煤工作面的迅速发展,要求支架用大流量液控单向阀向高压大流量方向发展,并对其可靠性及寿命提出了更高要求。支架卸载时,大流量液控单向阀反向打开,立柱下腔的高水基乳化液大量且快速地溢出,此过程中,系统往往伴随着巨大的冲击,过高的冲击压力不仅会损坏支架上的液压设备,严重时还会造成管路接口的断裂,导致重大事故。由于缺少设计理论指导,设计方法落后,同时国内缺少近似工况的大流量液控单向阀性能实验台,使得我国研制的大流量液控单向阀产品与国外差距较大。针对此问题,本文对支架用大流量液控单向阀的设计方法及实验进行了研究,主要包括以下几个方面:首先,基于FDY800/50大流量液控单向阀进行了结构及关键参数的初步设计。建立了三维流道几何模型,运用FLUENT软件对大流量液控单向阀的内部流场进行了流体动力学分析;用ANSYS Workbench对其大、小阀芯进行了单向流固耦合分析。研究了阀芯不同开口度和小阀芯不同半锥角下大流量液控单向阀的流体动力学规律和大、小阀芯的应力以及变形情况。研究表明,阀芯开口度越大、小阀芯半锥角越大,液压支架卸载过程中的冲击和流体能量损失越小,大、小阀芯的等效应力越小,且都满足45#钢的许用强度。其次,应用AMESim软件在大流量液控单向阀动态特性数学模型的基础上,建立了大流量液控单向阀的动态仿真模型。通过仿真得到了大流量液控单向阀的动态特性曲线,对比分析了不同小阀芯半锥角和不同控制压力对大流量液控单向阀动态性能的影响。仿真结果表明,增大控制压力和小阀芯半锥角能有效减小卸载时的压力冲击,增加开启过程中的稳定性,显著地提高大流量液控单向阀的动态特性。最后,搭建蓄能器-增压缸实验系统,对大流量液控单向阀进行了实验研究。通过实验分析研究了大流量液控单向阀的工作过程和动态特性,同时将实验结果与仿真结果进行对比,验证了仿真结果的正确性。实验研究表明,小阀芯半锥角越大、控制压力越高,大流量液控单向阀的动态性能越好。本文以小阀芯不同半锥角为主线,从结构设计、单向流固耦合分析、动态仿真分析和实验研究方面系统地建立了大流量液控单向阀的设计方法,同时把其关键部件进行流单向固耦合分析,为液压支架用阀的部件设计和校核提供了新思路。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of high yield and high efficiency coal mining face, it is required that the high flow hydraulic control unidirectional valve should be developed to the high pressure and large flow direction, and the reliability and life of the support should be higher. When the support is unloaded, the large flow hydraulic control one way valve opens in reverse. The high water base emulsion in the lower chamber of the column overflows rapidly. In this process, the system is often accompanied by a huge impact, too high impact pressure will not only damage the hydraulic equipment on the support, but also lead to the breakage of the pipe interface. Because of the lack of design theory guidance, the design method is backward, at the same time the domestic lack of large flow hydraulic control valve performance test table, In order to solve this problem, this paper studies the design method and experiment of large flow hydraulic one-way valve for support, which includes the following aspects: first, Based on FDY800/50, the structure and key parameters of the valve are preliminarily designed. A 3D flow channel geometry model is established, and the internal flow field of the valve is analyzed by FLUENT software. The flow field of the valve is analyzed by ANSYS Workbench, and the flow field of the valve is analyzed by ANSYS Workbench. The unidirectional fluid-solid coupling analysis of small spool is carried out. The hydrodynamic law, stress and deformation of large flow hydraulic unidirectional valve with different opening degree and different half cone angle of small valve core are studied. The larger the opening degree of the valve core, the greater the half cone angle of the small valve core, the smaller the impact and the loss of fluid energy during unloading of the hydraulic support, the smaller the equivalent stress of the small valve core, and all of which meet the allowable strength of 4 steel. Secondly, Based on the mathematical model of the dynamic characteristics of the large flow hydraulic control one way valve, the dynamic simulation model of the large flow hydraulic control one way valve is established by using AMESim software, and the dynamic characteristic curve of the large flow liquid control one way valve is obtained by simulation. The effects of different half cone angle of small valve core and different control pressure on the dynamic performance of liquid controlled unidirectional valve with large flow are analyzed. The simulation results show that increasing the control pressure and the half cone angle of small valve core can effectively reduce the pressure shock during unloading. The stability of the valve during the opening process is increased, and the dynamic characteristics of the hydraulic one-way valve with large flow rate are significantly improved. Finally, an experimental system of accumulator and pressurized cylinder is built. In this paper, the working process and dynamic characteristics of the large flow hydraulic control one-way valve are analyzed and compared with the simulation results, and the experimental results are compared with the simulation results. The experimental results show that the larger the half cone angle of the small valve core is, the higher the control pressure is, the better the dynamic performance of the large flow hydraulic control one-way valve is. The main line of this paper is the different half cone angle of the small valve core. In the aspects of unidirectional fluid-solid coupling analysis, dynamic simulation analysis and experimental research, the design method of large flow hydraulic control one-way valve is systematically established. At the same time, the key components of the valve are analyzed by flow unidirectional solid coupling analysis. It provides a new idea for the design and checking of the valve for hydraulic support.
【学位授予单位】：中国矿业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TD355

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