以钛白废硫酸为原料处理钛精矿制备富钛料的研究

发布时间：2018-02-13 12:46

  本文关键词： 废硫酸 钛精矿 富钛料 煅烧 酸浸　出处：《西华大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：攀枝花是国内钛白工业的主产地,随着钛白工业的快速发展,一方面富钛料的需求量将越来越大,另一方面生产过程中也将带来每年约200万吨左右无法处理的废硫酸,已成为阻碍企业发展的首要问题。针对此点,本文在结合国内外硫酸法生产富钛料的基础上,提出了采用“钛精矿—管式炉高温改性—废酸浸出”制备富钛料的新工艺。该法不仅能解决难选共生矿提纯问题还能有效解决冶金废酸的排放问题,对我国钛工业的可持续发展具有重要意义。试验采用攀枝花市瑞尔鑫工贸有限责任公司的钛精矿为原料,经过X-射线衍射(XRD)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)分析表明:该矿主要是结构致密呈现出三方晶系的钛铁矿(FeTiO3),其中还含有FeO、Fe2O3、CaO、MgO、SiO2、Al2O3等杂质,这些杂质脉络般存在于钛精矿中,对无机酸具有一定惰性,用酸不易直接浸出,为提高酸解率,对试验原料进行了预处理。高温改性钛精矿的试验中,通过XRD和SEM分析比较了直接煅烧与掺铁煅烧钛精矿两者工艺的优缺点,研究结果表明:经直接煅烧处理后的钛精矿仍然是以FeTiO3物相为主,只是在2h,700℃以上颗粒表面出现裂纹;而经铁粉掺烧的钛精矿除FeTiO3以外,还生成了Fe1.1Ti0.9O3、Fe1.04Ti0.96O3、Fe+2TiO3、Fe2TiO4、Mg2TiO4等新相,且颗粒表面腐蚀严重、疏松、多孔,有利于后续废硫酸浸出。选取了铁粉掺烧产物作为酸浸原料。通过设计正交试验考察煅烧温度、时间、铁粉掺杂量对煅烧过程的影响,得到了掺铁煅烧的最佳工艺条件为:煅烧时间2h,温度800℃,铁粉与钛精矿质量之比1:5。废硫酸浸出改性矿的试验中,通过设计水平试验和正交试验,研究了酸浸温度、酸浸时间、颗粒粒度、液固比对杂质元素浸出率和TiO2品位的影响,得到了影响TiO2含量的主要因素是反应时间,其次是反应温度和粒度,最后是液固比。经综合分析得到酸浸过程的最佳工艺条件为:酸浸时间8h、酸浸温度140℃、改性矿粒度80-120目、液固比10mL:1g。在最佳的试验条件下,得到了富钛料中TiO2含量为81.09%,CaO含量为0.88%,MgO含量为0.53%,可作为生产氯化钛白的原料。
[Abstract]:Panzhihua is the main producing area of domestic titanium white industry. With the rapid development of titanium white industry, on the one hand, the demand for titanium rich materials will be increasing; on the other hand, the production process will also bring about 2 million tons of waste sulfuric acid which cannot be treated every year. It has become the most important problem that hinders the development of enterprises. In this paper, based on the production of titanium rich materials by sulfuric acid method at home and abroad, A new process for the preparation of titanium rich materials by "titanium concentrate, high temperature modification of tube-furnace-leaching of waste acid" is put forward. This method can not only solve the problem of purifying refractory cogeneration but also effectively solve the problem of waste acid discharge from metallurgical industry. It is of great significance for the sustainable development of China's titanium industry. The titanium concentrate of Ruierxin Industry and Trade Co., Ltd., Panzhihua City, is used as raw material in the experiment. The results of X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) show that the ore is mainly a kind of ilmenite with a compact structure and a rhombohedral system, and it also contains impurities such as FeOOFe2O3CaOMgOSiO2SiO2Al _ 2O _ 3, which exist in titanium concentrate. Inorganic acid is inert and is not easy to be directly leached with acid. In order to improve the acid hydrolysis rate, the experimental raw materials were pretreated. The advantages and disadvantages of direct calcination and iron-doped calcined titanium concentrate were compared by XRD and SEM. The results showed that the main phase of titanium concentrate after direct calcination was FeTiO3 phase, and only cracks appeared on the surface of particles above 2h ~ 700 鈩，

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