真三轴煤矿石耦合测试系统技术研究与应用

发布时间：2018-02-14 04:22

本文关键词： 真三轴测试系统同步系统不确定度　出处：《吉林大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：近年来,国内外对于真三轴试验装置的研究已经取得了很大的进步,这对岩土力学的发展起到了很大的促进作用。本课题是与黑龙江科技大学合作,将真三轴岩石力学测试技术与煤与瓦斯突出测试技术相结合,设计一套真三轴煤矿石耦合测试装置,用来模拟煤矿石在深层所受的三向不等主应力、高瓦斯压力、高温度环境下对煤矿动力灾害发生所产生的影响,也可单独进行煤与瓦斯突出试验。本文主要是从以下几个方面进行研究:首先,根据功能要求和参数设计一套4MN真三轴煤矿石耦合测试试验装置,完成工作原理的设计,包括液压气压控制原理设计使其在理论上能够满足功能设计要求,使其在原理上能够实现在三个方向上同步加载,既要有较高的同步精度和也需要有较好的加载稳定性,装置能够实现单轴双轴加载也能实现三轴加载。加热系统能够对箱体内进行加热,为试件提供一个所需的测试温度环境。气压系统向箱体内部充入最大压强为8MPa的气体。其次,完成装置的具体结构设计,将真三轴岩石力学测试技术与煤与瓦斯突出测试技术相结合,设计一台大刚度液压加载真三轴试验装置。使各零件具备好的工艺性,对关键部件如箱体进行有限元的分析,其强度和刚度要满足设计要求。设计一套增压同步缸及控制系统,能够实现在同一方向相向运动实现力和位移的同步,采用双阀并联的方式使装置能够实现稳定的加卸载。利用静压卸荷技术设计压缩方式,该结构设计能够减轻空白角效应。再次,设计一套测试系统,能够实现在整个试验过程中对各个测量数据的实时采集和处理,包括对应力应变以及温度气压力等参数的测量。由于结构和功能的原因,真三轴试验机测试数据难度比较大,采用间接测量方式。压力和压缩量都是采用间接测量的方式。温度和气压力都是采用直接测量方式。试件应变检测采用整体一点测量方式和内部微应变测量方式相结合的方式进行测量,通过压缩量间接求得整体应变,通过对试件打孔在其内部安装引伸计,测得试件局部的微应变。本装置采用多声道声发射系统,利用声发射系统收集试验过程中声发射信号,利用声发射定位原理定位试件中声发射源的空间位置,通过在两个压头共安装八个传感器接收声发射信号。最后,压力和位移量值是通过间接测量的方式求得,通过建立数学模型,引入不确定度对结果进行评定。
[Abstract]:In recent years, great progress has been made in the research of true triaxial test equipment at home and abroad, which has played a great role in promoting the development of geotechnical mechanics. Combining the true triaxial rock mechanics test technology with the coal and gas outburst testing technology, a set of real triaxial coal mine stone coupling testing device is designed to simulate the three direction unequal principal stress and high gas pressure of the coal mine stone in the deep layer. The influence of high temperature environment on coal mine dynamic disaster can also be tested separately. This paper mainly studies from the following aspects: first of all, According to the functional requirements and parameters, a 4MN true triaxial coal mine stone coupling test device is designed to complete the design of the working principle, including the hydraulic pressure control principle design so that it can meet the functional design requirements in theory. So that it can realize synchronous loading in three directions in principle, it should have higher synchronization precision and better loading stability. The device can realize uniaxial and biaxial loading as well as triaxial loading. The heating system can heat the box body and provide a necessary test temperature environment for the specimen. The air pressure system fills the box with gas with a maximum pressure of 8 MPA. Complete the concrete structure design of the device, combine the true triaxial rock mechanics test technology with the coal and gas outburst test technology, design a large stiffness hydraulic loading true triaxial test device. The strength and stiffness of the key components such as the box should be analyzed by finite element method. The design of a pressurized synchronous cylinder and its control system can realize the synchronization of force and displacement in the same direction. The device can be stably loaded and unloaded by using two valves in parallel. By using static pressure unloading technology to design compression mode, the structure design can reduce the blank angle effect. Thirdly, a set of test system is designed. It can collect and process all the measured data in real time during the whole test process, including the measurement of stress and strain, temperature and gas pressure and so on. Because of the structure and function, the test data of true triaxial testing machine is very difficult. Indirect measurement is adopted. Pressure and compression are measured indirectly. Temperature and gas pressure are measured directly. Specimen strain is measured by one integral measure and internal micro-strain measurement. A combination of measurements, The integral strain is obtained indirectly by the compression amount, and the local micro-strain of the specimen is measured by installing an extensometer into the hole of the specimen. The device uses a multi-channel acoustic emission system to collect the acoustic emission signals during the test. Using the principle of acoustic emission positioning to locate the space position of acoustic emission source in the specimen, the acoustic emission signal is received by installing eight sensors at two pressure heads. Finally, the values of pressure and displacement are obtained by indirect measurement. By establishing mathematical model, uncertainty is introduced to evaluate the results.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TD315;TD713

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