韩城矿区构造煤微观结构特征

发布时间：2018-02-16 06:24

本文关键词： 韩城矿区构造煤宏观结构微观结构　出处：《太原理工大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：由于构造应力的作用，构造煤在宏观和微观结构的变化具有相似性。变形越强，煤体原生结构遭受的破坏越严重，从碎裂煤到糜棱煤变形程度增大，力学性质变差，煤中裂隙开启程度减小，部分裂隙被充填，连通性变差，煤岩组分变形强烈，分界模糊，煤颗粒粒度减小，颗粒被压扁，呈现揉皱挤压特征，裂隙充填严重。对煤的X射线衍射研究，分析煤的微晶结构参数，芳香层片间距（d002）随着煤级的增加呈现出波折降低，堆砌层数和堆砌高度增加。反应出煤在变质变形过程中的缩聚特性，对煤微晶参数进行分析一定程度上可以反映煤的演化特征。煤结构在变化过程中，伴随着一系列的缩聚反应，官能团含量和结构在发生变化，通过核磁共振和红外光谱分析，可以定性或半定量地反映出这种变化。核磁共振谱图中，谱图具有相对一致的变化规律，芳香碳谱占绝对优势，主要集中在110~140ppm之间，分布相对宽泛，谱图上有重叠现象，表示含有多种类型的芳香碳，且芳香碳含量随煤级的增大而增大。20~40ppm之间有小峰分布，主要是由芳甲基碳、脂碳和亚甲基碳构成，不同类型构造煤显示出一定的差异。芳香结构在红外谱图中存在三个吸收频率，分别是750cm-1、800cm-1和875cm-1，对应苯环邻位二取代芳烃，邻位三取代芳烃和苯环五取代芳烃，芳香结构吸收强度按碎裂煤、碎粒煤、糜棱煤增大，其中糜棱煤中变化比较复杂，煤中含氧官能团随着变质变形程度增加不断减小，对脂肪结构的研究表明煤中亚甲基含量高于甲基含量，羟基的含量很少，主要是以羟基-羟基氢键形式存在。通过XPS的测试结果可以看出，碳主要是以石墨化碳和C-H的形式存在，总体上石墨化碳随变质变形程度增加而增加，C-H含量则不断减小；氧的存在形态有C-O、COO、C=O；氮的主要存在形态是吡啶和吡咯；硫主要以噻吩型硫和亚砜型硫为主，其次为硫醇硫酚形态的硫。通过对构造煤从宏观到微观的分析，可以全面了解煤的特征，为深入了解构造煤结构提供研究基础及理论支撑。
[Abstract]:Because of the effect of tectonic stress, the variation of macroscopic and microscopic structure of tectonic coal is similar. The stronger the deformation, the more serious the destruction of the primary structure of coal body is, and the degree of deformation increases from broken coal to mylonian coal, and the mechanical properties become worse. The degree of crack opening in coal decreases, some cracks are filled, the connectivity becomes worse, the coal rock component is deformed strongly, the boundary is blurred, the particle size of coal decreases, and the particle is compressed, showing the characteristics of crumpling and extruding. The fracture filling is serious. The X-ray diffraction analysis of coal, the analysis of the parameters of micro-crystal structure of coal, the spacing of aromatic layer (d002), with the increase of coal grade, shows a wave and turn decrease. The number of stacked layers and the height of stacking are increased, and the Polycondensation characteristics of coal during metamorphism and deformation are reflected, and the analysis of coal microcrystalline parameters to a certain extent can reflect the evolution characteristics of coal. In the process of coal structure change, with a series of condensation reactions, the content and structure of functional groups are changing, which can be reflected qualitatively or semi-quantitatively by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and infrared spectroscopy. The spectrum pattern is relatively consistent, the aromatic carbon spectrum is dominant, mainly concentrated between 110 and 140 ppm, and the distribution is relatively broad. There is overlap on the spectrum, indicating that there are many kinds of aromatic carbon. The aromatic carbon content increased with the increase of coal rank, and there was a small peak distribution between .20g and 40ppm, which was mainly composed of aromatic methyl carbon, lipid carbon and methylene carbon. There are three absorption frequencies of aromatic structures in IR spectra, which are 750cm-1000cm-1 and 875cm-1, corresponding to benzene ring ortho-disubstituted aromatics, ortho-trisubstituted aromatics and benzene-penta-substituted aromatics. The absorption strength of aromatic structure is increased according to fragmentation coal, granular coal and minced coal, in which the variation of oxygen functional groups in coal is more complex, and the oxygen functional groups in coal decrease with the increase of metamorphic deformation degree. The study of fat structure shows that the content of methylene in coal is higher than that of methyl, and the content of hydroxyl is very small, mainly in the form of hydroxy-hydroxyl hydrogen bond. The results of XPS show that carbon mainly exists in the form of graphitized carbon and C-H, and the content of carbon in graphitic carbon decreases with the increase of the degree of metamorphic deformation. The main forms of nitrogen are pyridine and pyrrole, sulfur mainly consists of thiophene sulfur and sulfoxide sulfur, followed by thiol sulfur phenolic sulfur. The characteristics of coal can be fully understood, and the research foundation and theoretical support can be provided for further understanding the structure of structural coal.
【学位授予单位】：太原理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：P618.11

【参考文献】