运煤列车防冻液喷洒装置结构设计与分析

发布时间：2018-02-23 13:46

本文关键词： 防冻液喷洒装置结构设计虚拟样机模态分析物理样机　出处：《太原理工大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：煤炭开采过程的喷水降尘，深加工过程的水洗选矿以及在储存和运输过程的喷水降尘降温都要消耗大量的水，然而，在其脱水过程中并非100%的水都可以被去除，煤炭中常常含有约5%~15%的水分。这样，铁路运输部门在冬季运输中，煤炭常常会与列车车厢内壁粘结。对列车车厢内壁及含水煤中喷洒防冻液是目前普遍使用的一种处理方法。传统的防冻液喷洒装置虽然能满足使用需求，但其在人力、物力和财力上花费较大、喷洒效果难以控制而且还会造成防冻液的浪费及环境的污染，一定程度难以满足生产需求。因此，研究和开发适应性强、自动化程度高、性能可靠而喷洒量又能满足铁路运输部门要求的防冻液喷洒系统，是煤运行业的现实需求，对于提高煤炭运输效率、减少能源浪费、降低环境污染具有重要意义。为解决上述问题，本文设计了一种能够垂直升降、水平旋转兼防滴漏式的多功能防冻液喷洒装置。为缩短研究周期、降低试验成本，本文采用理论分析、实体建模、虚拟样机分析、样机制造和试验、工程应用的研究流程。主要研究内容和成果如下：（1）通过现场调研和分析现有防冻液喷洒装置，设计了一种新型防冻液喷洒装置，并申报了国家发明专利。（2）对喷洒装置结构及动力选型匹配进行理论分析计算，用Pro/E软件建立了虚拟样机模型，检验了装配干涉性。（3）应用ANSYS软件对防冻液喷洒装置主要零部件进行静力学分析，对喷洒装置进行模态分析并分析了电机、减速机的旋转和外界的激励（列车经过时产生的振动）对系统振动特性的影响。结论表明，，喷洒装置的关键零部件强度和刚度满足使用要求，装置的模态特性良好。（4）根据静力学及模态分析结果，提出了优化改进方案并进行分析。结果表明，改变支撑立柱和导轨的壁厚后整体装置的模态效果更好。（5）制造了物理样机并进行现场试验。现场试验结果表明，本装置喷洒覆盖率良好，运行参数满足设计技术指标，而且防冻液喷洒量满足铁路部门的有关规定。
[Abstract]:Water and dust spray during coal mining, washing and dressing in deep processing, and water spraying in storage and transportation all consume a lot of water. However, not 100% of the water can be removed in the process of dehydration. Coal often contains about 5% of moisture. In winter transportation, coal is often bound to the inner wall of train compartment. Spraying antifreeze on the inner wall of train compartment and water-bearing coal is a widely used treatment method at present. Although the traditional antifreeze spraying device can meet the needs of application, it spends a lot of manpower, material and financial resources, the spraying effect is difficult to control, and it will cause waste of antifreeze and pollution of the environment. Therefore, the research and development of antifreeze spraying system with strong adaptability, high degree of automation, reliable performance and quantity of spraying can meet the requirements of railway transportation department, which is the actual demand of coal transportation industry. It is of great significance to improve the efficiency of coal transportation, reduce energy waste and reduce environmental pollution. In order to solve the above problems, a kind of multi-function antifreeze spraying device with vertical lifting, horizontal rotation and anti-drip is designed in this paper. In order to shorten the research period and reduce the test cost, theoretical analysis and solid modeling are used in this paper. The research flow of virtual prototype analysis, prototype manufacturing and testing, and engineering application. The main research contents and results are as follows:. 1) through field investigation and analysis, a new type of antifreeze spraying device is designed, and the patent of national invention is declared. (2) theoretical analysis and calculation of the structure and power selection matching of the spraying device are carried out. The virtual prototype model is established by using Pro/E software, and the assembly interference is tested. ANSYS software is used to analyze the main parts and components of the antifreeze spraying device, and the modal analysis of the spraying device and the analysis of the motor are carried out. The effect of speed reducer rotation and external excitation (vibration caused by train passing) on the vibration characteristics of the system. The conclusion shows that the strength and stiffness of the key parts of the sprinkler meet the requirements of application, and the modal characteristics of the device are good. 4) according to the results of static and modal analysis, the optimized improvement scheme is put forward and analyzed. The results show that the modal effect of the whole device after changing the wall thickness of supporting column and guide rail is better. The field test results show that the spraying coverage of the device is good, the operation parameters meet the design technical specifications, and the amount of antifreeze spraying meets the relevant regulations of the railway department.
【学位授予单位】：太原理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TD50

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