采煤沉陷水体底泥—水界面持久性有机污染物迁移行为研究

发布时间：2018-02-27 13:10

  本文关键词： 采煤沉陷区 POPs 分布特征 相关性 迁移转化　出处：《安徽理工大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：持久性有机污染物(POPs)是具有长期残留性、生物蓄积性、半挥发性和高毒性,对人类健康和环境具有严重危害的人工合成的有机污染物质。POPs污染是近年越来越突出的环境问题,在全球的每一个角落,包括大陆、沙漠、海洋和南北极地区都可监测出POPs的存在。 本文以淮南潘一矿杨庄采煤沉陷区作为研究对象,通过对沉陷水域中水体、悬浮物、底泥中典型POPs进行定性和定量的分析研究,从而了解整个沉陷区POPs的分布特征；探讨了水体、悬浮物、底泥的理化性质与各自POPs的相关性；研究POPs在水相-悬浮相界面、底泥相-悬浮相界面之间的迁移行为研究,预测POPs在沉陷区总体的迁移转化趋势。结果表明： (1)研究区域水体中多氯联苯的浓度在16-32.01ng/L范围内,平均值为20.9513ng/L。其中,三氯联苯占总量最多,平均为48.28%。多环芳烃的浓度在163.7-209.65ng/L范围内,平均值为185.8473ng/L。其中3环多环芳烃(PAHs)所占比例最大,占总量34.47%。蒽/(蒽+菲)的比值大于0.1,荧蒽/(荧蒽+芘)的比值大于0.5。 (2)研究区域悬浮物中多氯联苯(PCBs)的浓度在10.135-19.7925ng/L范围内,平均值为15.7585ng/L。其中,三氯联苯占总量最多,平均为75.24%。多环芳烃的浓度在1117.93-2729.215ng/L范围内,平均值为1863.838ng/L。其中3环PAHs所占比例最大,占总量58.04%。 (3)研究区域表层底泥的多氯联苯的浓度在2.1893-4.3597ng/L范围内,平均值为3.551ng/L。其中,三氯联苯占总量最多,平均为64.35%。多环芳烃的浓度在68.014-391.656ng/L范围内,平均值为243.1101ng/L。其中3环PAHs所占比例最大,占总量41.93%。蒽/(蒽+菲)的比值大于0.1,荧蒽/(荧蒽+芘)的比值大于0.5。 (4)采煤沉陷水域水体中PCBs的浓度与该水体中的可溶性有机碳(DOC)存在较强的正相关性,水体中可溶性有机碳含量对水体中有机污染物在水相中的分配有很大的影响。PAHs的浓度与该水体中的DOC存在较强的正相关性,说明水体中DOC含量对水体中PAHs的浓度具有一定的作用。 (5)采煤沉陷水域底泥中PCBs的浓度与该底泥有机质存在较强的正相关性,且PCBs浓度与底泥有机质成正比关系,底泥有机质含量越高其PCBs含量越高。PAHs的浓度与该底泥有机质存在较强的正相关性,说明底泥有机质的含量对底泥中PAHs的浓度具有一定的影响作用。 (6)采煤沉陷水域底泥中PCBs与底泥粒度存在较强负相关性,PAHs浓度也与底泥粒度成存在较强负相关性。说明底泥中POPs含量与底泥粒度成反比关系,底泥粒度大小对底泥中POPs含量影响较大。 (7)采煤沉陷水域上层水体中PCBs的浓度与该上层水体对应悬浮物中的PCBs的浓度存在弱相关性,中层水体中PCBs的浓度与该中层水体对应悬浮物中的PCBs的浓度成存在中等的负相关性,底层水体中PCBs的浓度与该底层水体对应悬浮物中的PCBs的浓度存在中等的负相关性。上层水体中PAHs的浓度与该上层水体对应悬浮物中的PAHs的浓度存在中等的负相关性,中层水体中PAHs的浓度与该中层水体对应悬浮物中的PAHs的浓度存在弱相关性,底层水体中PAHs的浓度与该底层水体对应悬浮物中的PAHs的浓度存在中等的负相关性。 (8)采煤沉陷水域底泥中PCBs的浓度与该底泥对应底层水体中的PCBs的浓度存在中等的负相关性,底泥中PCBs的浓度与该底泥对应底层水体悬浮物中的PCBs的浓度存在中等的正相关性。 (9)采煤沉陷水域底泥中PAHs的浓度与该底泥对应底层水体中的PAHs的浓度存在弱负相关性,底泥中PAHs的浓度与该底泥对应底层水体悬浮物中的PAHs的浓度存在中等的负相关性。
[Abstract]:Persistent organic pollutants ( POPs ) are artificially synthesized organic pollutants that have long - term residual , biological , semi - volatile and high - toxicity , and have serious harm to human health and the environment . POPs pollution is an increasingly prominent environmental problem in recent years , and POPs can be monitored in every corner of the globe , including continents , deserts , oceans and the South Pole . Taking Yangzhuang coal mining subsidence area as the research object , this paper studies the qualitative and quantitative analysis of the typical POPs in the water , suspended matter and sediment in the subsidence area , so as to find out the distribution characteristics of the POPs in the whole subsidence area , and discusses the correlation between the physical and chemical properties of the water , suspended matter and sediment and their respective POPs ; ( 1 ) The concentration of PCBs in the study area ranged from 16 to 32.01ng / L , the average value was 20.9513ng / L . Among them , the average total amount of trichlorobiphenyl was 48.28 % . The concentration of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons was 185.8473ng / L in the range of 163.7 - 9.65ng / L . The ratio of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons ( PAHs ) was greater than 0.1 , and the ratio of fluoranthene / ( fluoranthene + pyrene ) was greater than 0.5 . ( 2 ) The concentration of PCBs in the study area was 10.135 - 19.7925ng / L , and the average value was 15.7585ng / L . Among them , the total amount of trichlorobiphenyl was 75.24 % . The concentration of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons was in the range of 1111.93 - 2729.215ng / L and the average value was 348.38ng / L . Among them , the proportion of PAHs was the largest , accounting for 58.04 % . ( 3 ) The concentration of PCBs in the surface sediments of the study area is in the range of 2.93 % to 4.3597ng / L , and the average value is 3.551ng / L . The average value is 64.35 % in the range of 68.014 - 391.656ng / L , and the average value is 243.1101ng / L . Among them , the ratio of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons is greater than 0.1 , and the ratio of fluoranthene / ( fluoranthene + pyrene ) is greater than 0.5 . ( 4 ) There is a positive correlation between the concentration of PCBs in the water body and the soluble organic carbon ( DOC ) in the water body . The content of soluble organic carbon in the water has a great effect on the distribution of organic pollutants in the water phase . The concentration of PAHs in the water body has a strong positive correlation with DOC in the water body , which indicates that the DOC content in the water body has a certain effect on the concentration of PAHs in the water body . ( 5 ) The concentration of PCBs in the sediment of coal mining subsidence area is positively correlated with the organic matter in the bottom mud , and the higher the content of the organic matter in the bottom mud , the higher the content of the organic matter in the bottom mud , the higher the content of the organic matter in the bottom mud . The higher the concentration of PAHs and the organic matter in the bottom mud , the content of the organic matter in the bottom mud has a certain effect on the concentration of PAHs in the sediment . ( 6 ) There is a strong negative correlation between the concentration of PCBs and the particle size of sediment in the sediment of coal mining subsidence waters , and the concentration of PAHs also has a strong negative correlation with the granularity of sediment . ( 7 ) the concentration of the PCBs in the upper water body of the coal mining subsidence water body is weak correlation with the concentration of the PCBs in the suspended substance in the upper layer water body , the concentration of the PCBs in the middle layer water body and the concentration of PCBs in the suspended substance in the middle layer water body are moderately negative correlation , the concentration of the PAHs in the lower layer water body is weak correlation with the concentration of the PAHs in the suspended substance in the upper layer water body , and the concentration of the PAHs in the lower layer water body is moderately negative correlation with the concentration of the PAHs in the suspended matter corresponding to the bottom water body . and ( 8 ) the concentration of PCBs in the bottom mud of the coal mining subsidence water body is moderately negative correlation with the concentration of PCBs in the bottom mud corresponding to the bottom mud , and the concentration of the PCBs in the bottom mud is moderately positive correlation with the concentration of PCBs in the suspended matter of the bottom mud corresponding to the bottom mud . and ( 9 ) the concentration of PAHs in the bottom mud of the coal mining subsidence water body is negatively correlated with the concentration of the PAHs in the bottom mud corresponding to the bottom mud , and the concentration of the PAHs in the bottom mud is moderately negative correlation with the concentration of the PAHs in the bottom mud corresponding to the bottom mud .

【学位授予单位】：安徽理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X52;X752

【参考文献】

相关期刊论文 前10条

1 陶宏林;单爱琴;孙晓菲;;京杭运河(徐州段)表层沉积物中PCBs污染特征研究[J];安徽农业科学;2011年22期

2 陈青,刘志敏;超临界流体色谱的研究进展[J];分析化学;2004年08期

3 赵士燕;崔兆杰;;加速溶剂萃取—气相色谱法测定土壤中的类二VA英多氯联苯[J];化工环保;2006年06期

4 徐瑞薇,胡钦红,靳伟,方慧珍,徐家基,严兴祥;多效唑在土壤中降解、吸附和淋溶作用[J];环境化学;1994年01期

5 杨敏;倪余文;苏凡;张青;陈吉平;;辽河沉积物中多环芳烃的污染水平与特征[J];环境化学;2007年02期

6 麦碧娴,林峥,张干,盛国英,康跃惠,彭平安;珠江三角洲沉积物中毒害有机物的污染现状及评价[J];环境科学研究;2001年01期

7 罗雪梅,刘昌明,何孟常;黄河沉积物中多环芳烃的分布特征及来源分析[J];环境科学研究;2005年02期

8 史双昕;周丽;邵丁丁;黄业茹;;北京地区土壤中有机氯农药类POPs残留状况研究[J];环境科学研究;2007年01期

9 孙维湘,陈荣莉,孙安强,张洪勋,刘全友,施国涵;南迦巴瓦峰地区有机氯化合物的污染[J];环境科学;1986年06期

10 张祖麟,陈伟琪,哈里德,周俊良,徐立,洪华生;九龙江口水体中有机氯农药分布特征及归宿[J];环境科学;2001年03期

，

本文编号：1542800