现场混装乳化炸药爆破参数优化及数值模拟研究

发布时间：2018-03-01 16:29

本文关键词： 混装乳化炸药爆破参数神经网络数值模拟　出处：《武汉科技大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：现场混装炸药与常规包装炸药的爆破参数有着较大的差异，选取合理的爆破参数对爆破经济效益和爆破效果会产生决定性的影响。因此，对现场混装乳化炸药的爆破参数进行优化研究，并使用数值模拟方法进行验证分析，得出与岩石特性相适应的最优爆破参数，对更大规模推广和发展现场混装炸药应用技术具有十分重要的意义。本文通过理论分析、数值模拟与工程实际相结合的方法，对现场混装乳化炸药爆破参数进行了优化。取得了如下主要结论：（1）利用爆炸动力学知识，建立了现场混装乳化炸药爆破块度的计算模型。通过理论计算，得到了多排炮孔爆破块度组成的计算公式。（2）结合现场混装乳化炸药爆破工程实际，，分析了影响混装乳化炸药爆破效果的因素，利用Matlab数学软件自带的神经网络模型，通过输入现场试验数据对神经网络模型进行训练，得到模型的计算误差在1.5%以内。采用训练后的模型，计算得到了现场混装乳化炸药爆破三种矿岩（石灰岩、凝灰岩、磷灰岩）的最优爆破参数，可用于指导现场爆破施工。（3）依据BP神经网络模型优化得到的现场混装乳化炸药的爆破参数，建立了采用混装乳化炸药进行岩石爆破的有限元模型。通过数值模拟分析，对自由面附近处和炮孔间岩石的破坏特征进行了研究，发现爆炸应力波的叠加提高了岩石的最大主应力均值，有助于岩石的破碎。数值模拟结果进一步验证了优化得到的爆破参数的可靠性，采用“宽孔距，窄排距”的梅花形布孔形式切实可行。
[Abstract]:The blasting parameters of mixed explosive on site are different from those of conventional package explosive, and the reasonable blasting parameters will have a decisive effect on the blasting economic benefit and blasting effect. The blasting parameters of mixed emulsion explosive are optimized and verified by numerical simulation method. The optimum blasting parameters suitable for rock characteristics are obtained. It is of great significance to popularize and develop the field mixed explosive application technology on a larger scale. In this paper, the blasting parameters of mixed emulsion explosive are optimized by theoretical analysis, numerical simulation and engineering practice. The main conclusions are as follows:. 1) based on the knowledge of explosion dynamics, the calculation model of blasting fragmentation of mixed emulsion explosive in the field is established, and the formula for calculating the blasting fragmentation composition of multi-row blasting holes is obtained by theoretical calculation. Combined with the blasting engineering practice of field mixed emulsion explosive, the factors influencing the blasting effect of mixed emulsion explosive are analyzed. The neural network model is trained by the input of field test data by using the neural network model brought in by Matlab mathematical software. The calculation error of the model is less than 1.5%. The optimum blasting parameters of three kinds of mineral rock (limestone, tuff and phosphorous limestone) in field mixed emulsion explosive blasting are calculated by using the trained model, which can be used to guide the field blasting construction. According to the blasting parameters of the field mixed emulsion explosive, the finite element model of rock blasting with mixed emulsion explosive is established, and the numerical simulation analysis is carried out. The failure characteristics of rock near the free surface and between the holes are studied. It is found that the superposition of the explosion stress wave increases the mean value of the maximum principal stress of the rock. The numerical simulation results further verify the reliability of the optimized blasting parameters.
【学位授予单位】：武汉科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TD235

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