75m~3矿用挖掘机主要部件的参数化设计及其有限元分析

发布时间：2018-03-02 14:00

本文选题：矿用挖掘机　切入点：铲斗-斗杆机构　出处：《太原理工大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：我国的煤炭资源储量丰富，采煤技术水平的高低直接影响到煤矿的生产能力。面对大量不断投入生产的露天煤矿，挖掘机大型化的趋势已经不可逆转，机械式挖掘机技术的发展成为广大客户的迫切需求。机械式挖掘机性能的好坏直接影响到了企业的经济效益和劳动生产率，其中工作装置的性能会直接影响到整机的性能。而铲斗-斗杆机构是工作装置中的主要承载件，工作装置效率的高低受到其性能优劣的限制。目前，国内研究者对大型挖掘机铲斗-斗杆机构的应力分布规律了解的还不够透彻，所运用的工程计算方法也还不够完善。工作装置结构的复杂性导致了产品需要进行不断的重复设计，传统模式的设计方法需要花费大量的时间和精力，还容易出错，运用这种方法进行设计会大大增加成本，延长设计周期，，很难适应现在多元化的市场要求，所以急需找到一种快速有效的方法来满足产品的研发生产。本文主要针对WK-75大型矿用挖掘机工作装置的主要部件进行了研究，运用UG软件建立了其主要部件的参数化模型，并在模型简化的基础上，利用workbench平台对其进行了初步的有限元分析。首先，要对主要部件的结构进行全面清楚的了解，将一个复杂的装配体分解为几个相对简单的部分进行设计，这部分的设计为实体的框架设计，忽略了模型的细节部分，分析出各部分的框架控制参数和主要关联参数，确定了控制基准，实现了模型总体几何形态通过总控参数进行控制这一功能。当总控参数发生变化后，各部分中的零部件尺寸按照一定的函数关系也随之变化，大大减少了再设计所花费的时间和精力。运用UG自带的PTS功能模块设计人机交互式对话窗口，实现简洁快速的数据输入。其次，建立成品设计层。利用UG自带模块WAVE中的几何链接器，将主体设计层中的参数化模型链接到成品设计层中，并对其进行坡口、倒角等细节操作，生成各组件及主要零部件的工程图。建立产品分析层，链接主体层中的装配体，并对其进行适当简化。最后，以x_t格式导出简化模型，并将该模型导入workbench软件中，进行初步的有限元分析。分析结果表明，正常工作时，铲斗-斗杆装配机构所受应力较小，完全能够满足用户对产品可靠性的要求。本文通过开发WK-75型挖掘机主要工作部件的参数化模型，减少了设计者的工作量，节省了设计时间和精力，提高了研发效率。同时，考虑到工作装置在实际工作中的重要性及易损性，本文对工作装置的主要部件进行了有限元分析，并将其与实际的工作状况相比较，证实了分析结果具有较高的可信度。
[Abstract]:China is rich in coal resources, the level of coal mining technology directly affects the production capacity of coal mines. In the face of a large number of open pit coal mines, the trend of large-scale excavators has become irreversible. The development of mechanical excavator technology has become an urgent demand of customers. The performance of mechanical excavator directly affects the economic benefits and labor productivity of enterprises. The performance of the working device will directly affect the performance of the whole machine, and the bucket-bucket rod mechanism is the main load-bearing part in the working device, and the efficiency of the working device is limited by its performance. At present, Domestic researchers do not have a thorough understanding of the stress distribution law of the bucket-bucket bar mechanism of large excavators. The complexity of the structure of the working device leads to the continuous repeated design of the product. The traditional design method requires a lot of time and effort, and it is easy to make mistakes. Using this method to design will greatly increase the cost, prolong the design cycle, it is difficult to adapt to the current diversified market requirements, so there is an urgent need to find a rapid and effective method to meet the product development and production. In this paper, the main parts of the working device of WK-75 large excavator are studied. The parametric model of the main parts of the excavator is established by UG software, and the model is simplified. The finite element analysis is carried out on workbench platform. First of all, it is necessary to have a complete and clear understanding of the structure of the main components, and to decompose a complex assembly into several relatively simple parts, which are designed for the framework of the entity, ignoring the details of the model. The frame control parameters and main related parameters of each part are analyzed, the control datum is determined, and the control function of the total geometry of the model is realized through the master control parameter. When the master control parameter changes, The size of parts in each part changes according to a certain function relationship, which greatly reduces the time and energy spent in redesign. The man-machine interactive dialogue window is designed by using the PTS function module of UG. Implement simple and fast data input. Secondly, the finished product design layer is established. The parametric model in the main design layer is linked to the finished product design layer by using the geometric linker in UG module WAVE, and the groove, chamfer and other details are operated. Generate the engineering drawings of each component and main parts. Establish the product analysis layer, link the assembly in the main layer, and simplify it appropriately. Finally, the simplified model is derived in XT format, and the model is imported into workbench software for preliminary finite element analysis. The results show that the stress of bucket bucket bar assembly mechanism is small when it works normally. Fully able to meet the customer's requirements for product reliability. In this paper, the parameterized model of the main working parts of WK-75 excavator is developed, which reduces the workload of the designer, saves the design time and energy, and improves the R & D efficiency. Considering the importance and vulnerability of the working device in practical work, this paper makes a finite element analysis of the main components of the working device, and compares it with the actual working condition, which proves that the analysis result has a high reliability.
【学位授予单位】：太原理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TD422.2

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