水力割缝防治忻州窑矿冲击地压试验研究

发布时间：2018-03-05 10:25

本文选题：水力割缝　切入点：冲击地压　出处：《太原理工大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：冲击地压是指煤炭开采过程中，煤岩体在一定条件的高应力作用下突然失稳而发生破坏的矿井动力现象，是采动空间周边煤岩体在矿山压力作用下，以煤岩体突出为特征的矿山压力动力显现。是煤矿重大事故灾害之一，严重威胁着矿井的安全生产。同煤集团忻州窑矿是典型的浅部（埋深380米）冲击地压矿井，自开采以来多次发生冲击地压。曾用钻孔卸压、卸压槽、爆破卸压、水力致裂等方法治理，起到了一定的效果，但这些方法仍存在一定的缺陷，例如爆破卸压容易产生二次灾害等。本次试验针对8937工作面状况，提出利用水力割缝防治冲击地压，取得了良好的效果，水力割缝具有很好的推广价值。本文主要工作和研究成果如下：通过研究8937面实际情况，结合地质情况、煤岩特性、工作面周围情况、原岩应力测量等讨论了该矿发生冲击地压的诱发因素，认为地质构造、相邻工作面及留设煤柱、“两硬”条件、原岩应力是诱发该矿冲击地压的主要因素。分析了水力割缝防治冲击地压机理，完成了割缝设备的组装和调试，并在井下施工前进行了实验研究，确定了相关割缝参数。对施工巷道进行了水力割缝数值模拟研究，确定了钻孔长度，并模拟了割缝与不割缝巷道稳定性差别，结果表明水力割缝能有效防治冲击地压的发生。为使水力割缝防治冲击地压达到最优效果，对割缝角度、钻孔间距、割缝速度等进行对比研究，根据压力变化、排渣量的多少等将水压确定为60MPa，割缝速度为8cm/min，钻孔间距为1.5m，，割缝深度8～10m，割缝角度为0°。本文通过五种方式对割缝效果进行评测：钻孔压力变化、微震信号分析、巷道变形分析、钻孔电视监测、和含水率变化，结果表明：水力割缝后煤岩体内的应力得到释放和转移，应力向深部和两侧转移，使冲击地压发生的风险降低，有效的防治了冲击地压的发生。
[Abstract]:The impact ground pressure is the dynamic phenomenon of coal and rock sudden instability and destruction in the process of coal mining under the action of high stress under certain conditions. It is the coal and rock mass around the mining space under the action of mine pressure. Mine pressure dynamics, characterized by outburst of coal and rock mass, is one of the major accidents in coal mines, which seriously threatens the safety of mine production. Xinzhou Kiln Mine of Tongshan Coal Group is a typical shallow (380 meters buried depth) impact ground pressure mine, which has occurred many times since mining. It has been treated by drilling hole pressure relief, pressure relief trough, blasting pressure relief, hydraulic fracturing and so on, and has played a certain effect. However, these methods still have some defects, such as blasting pressure relief is easy to produce secondary disasters and so on. According to the condition of 8937 working face, this experiment puts forward the use of hydraulic cutting joint to prevent and control the impact ground pressure, which has achieved good results. The main work and research results of this paper are as follows:. By studying the actual situation of 8937 face, combining the geological conditions, coal and rock characteristics, the surrounding conditions of the face and the stress measurement of the original rock, the paper discusses the induced factors of the rock burst in the mine, and considers that the geological structure, The rock stress is the main factor that induces the rock burst in the adjacent working face and the remaining coal pillar under the conditions of "two hard" and the original rock stress. This paper analyzes the mechanism of hydraulic joint preventing and controlling impact ground pressure, completes the assembly and debugging of cutting equipment, and carries out experimental research before underground construction, and determines the relevant joint parameters. The numerical simulation of hydraulic joint is carried out in the construction roadway. The length of borehole is determined and the difference of stability between slit and uncut roadway is simulated. The results show that hydraulic slit can effectively prevent the occurrence of rock burst. In order to achieve the optimum effect of hydraulic slit preventing and controlling impact ground pressure, a comparative study is made on the angle of cutting, the spacing of boreholes and the cutting speed, etc., according to the change of pressure, The water pressure is determined to be 60 MPA, the cutting speed is 8 cm / min, the interval between boreholes is 1.5 m, the depth of slit is 810 m, and the angle is 0 掳. In this paper, the effect of cutting joint is evaluated in five ways: borehole pressure change, microseismic signal analysis, roadway deformation analysis, borehole television monitoring, and water content change. The results show that the stress in coal and rock is released and transferred after hydraulic fracture cutting, and the stress is transferred to deep and both sides, which reduces the risk of rock burst and effectively prevents the occurrence of rock burst.
【学位授予单位】：太原理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TD324

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