巷道底板软弱夹层对底鼓的影响分析及控制

发布时间：2018-03-22 16:41

本文选题：深井开采　切入点：巷道底鼓　出处：《河北工程大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：目前深井开采十分普遍,由于开采深度的加深,井下的运作环境也日趋复杂多样,特别是巷道所处环境逐渐恶劣,加之巷道围岩周边软弱夹层普遍存在,巷道的维护问题就更加困难。在传统巷道维护中,巷道的顶板及两帮是巷道支护的重点,而巷道的底鼓问题长时间以来不被重视,近几年巷道的底鼓问题逐步引起人们的关注,在某些矿井,巷道底鼓甚至比顶板和两帮的变形更加严重,因此,本文以底鼓为研究重点,分别分析了各种赋存条件的软弱夹层对底鼓的影响程度。由于煤系地层多由层状岩层组成,而层状岩体结构的力学性能的薄弱环节就是软弱夹层,因此巷道稳定性很大程度上受该弱结构的影响。本文采用实验室物理力学实验、相似材料模拟试验、数值模拟、理论分析等综合方法,主要研究内容如下所述:(1)通过大量现场调研深部巷道底鼓情况,统计深部底鼓巷道底板围岩变形量、破坏形态、应力分布、物理力学性质、以及巷道断面形状,重点研究底板含软弱夹层条件以及受开采扰动影响的巷道底鼓变形破坏规律。(2)运用岩石力学、弹塑性力学等理论,构建底板含软弱夹层复合体的力学模型,分析其底板破坏变形机理,根据夹层位置的不同与底板破坏程度,对巷道底板围岩破坏进行分区,为底板加固提供依据。(3)应用数值模拟的方法,将不同夹层厚度、不同夹层数量、不同夹层距离,构建多种试验模型,分析在各种因素的作用下巷道的底鼓特征,最终将各种因素叠加,建立各种因素对巷道影响的线型或非线性模型,确定各影响因素的方程系数。(4)采用CM250/18平面应力试验台,分别建立夹层位于底板破坏区内、底板弹塑性临界区、底板弹性区模型,监测巷道底板的力学变化和位移变形过程,分析夹层对巷道底板的破坏作用。(5)结合近几年治理含软弱夹层巷道底鼓的工程实践,设计适用性较强的底鼓治理方案。
[Abstract]:At present, deep mining is very common. Due to the deepening of mining depth, the underground operating environment is becoming more and more complex, especially the environment of roadway is gradually bad, and the soft intercalation around the surrounding rock of roadway is widespread. The maintenance of roadway is more difficult. In the traditional roadway maintenance, the roof and two sides of roadway are the key points of roadway support, but the problem of roadway floor heave has not been paid attention to for a long time. In recent years, the problem of roadway floor heave has gradually aroused people's attention. In some mines, the deformation of roadway floor heave is even more serious than that of roof and two sides. The influence of soft intercalation with various occurrence conditions on the bottom bulge is analyzed. Because the coal measure strata are mostly composed of layered strata, the weak link of mechanical properties of layered rock mass structure is the weak intercalation. Therefore, the stability of roadway is greatly affected by the weak structure. In this paper, laboratory physical and mechanical experiments, simulation tests of similar materials, numerical simulation, theoretical analysis and other comprehensive methods are used. The main contents of this study are as follows: (1) through a large number of field investigations on the floor heave of deep roadway, the deformation, failure form, stress distribution, physical and mechanical properties, and section shape of roadway are calculated. This paper mainly studies the condition of the floor with weak intercalation and the deformation and failure law of roadway floor heave affected by mining disturbance. Using the theories of rock mechanics, elastoplastic mechanics, etc., the mechanical model of the floor composite with weak intercalation is constructed. Based on the analysis of the deformation mechanism of the floor, according to the different location of the interlayer and the degree of the failure of the floor, the failure of the surrounding rock of the roadway floor is partitioned, which provides the basis for the reinforcement of the floor. The method of numerical simulation is used to calculate the thickness of the interlayer. Different mezzanine layers and different mezzanine distances are constructed to analyze the characteristics of roadway floor heave under the action of various factors. Finally, a linear or nonlinear model of the influence of various factors on the roadway is established. The equation coefficient of each influencing factor is determined by using CM250/18 plane stress test rig. The models of interlayer located in the failure zone of floor, the critical zone of elastic-plastic and elastic zone of floor are established, and the mechanical change and displacement deformation process of roadway floor are monitored. Combined with the engineering practice of controlling the floor heave of roadway with weak intercalation in recent years, a scheme for controlling the floor heave with strong applicability is designed.
【学位授予单位】：河北工程大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TD327.3

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