基于故障维修数据的大型矿用挖掘机可靠性评估与分配

发布时间：2018-03-24 09:46

本文选题：大型矿用挖掘机　切入点：故障维修数据　出处：《电子科技大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：大型矿用挖掘机作为矿山开采及工程施工中的重要工程机械,其应用广泛、创造价值高,代表了一个国家的矿山开采能力和整体技术水平,也反映了一个国家装备制造业的总体水平。随着世界经济的快速发展,露天矿山的开采规模也迅速扩大,随之出现的是大量的开采事故和挖掘机故障问题。因此,研究大型矿用挖掘机的可靠性问题,对提升我国矿山机械的国际竞争力,保障国家矿产资源高效、安全的开发利用具有十分重要意义。本文从大型矿用挖掘机可靠性分析及设计关键技术项目出发,重点研究了大型矿用挖掘机的可靠性评估与分配技术,主要开展了以下几个方面的研究工作:(1)在广泛查阅相关文献的基础上,结合可靠性分析工作的需求,对大型矿用挖掘机及其子系统的的功能结构进行层次划分,明确各个组部件的组成和功能,为开展可靠性分析及后续工作打下基础。(2)从大型矿用挖掘机的设计和工作过程出发,收集其故障维修数据,进行大型矿用挖掘机故障模式和影响分析(Failure Modes and Effects Analysis,FMEA),找出挖掘机各子系统所有可能出现的故障模式和失效机理,并分析故障原因及导致的不良后果,确定其在设计和制造过程中的薄弱环节、关键子系统和零部件等。(3)针对大型矿用挖掘机可靠性数据稀缺的问题,采用其故障维修数据进行统计分析,并在此基础上进行可靠性评估工作。在对故障维修数据进行分析处理后,统计故障间隔时间数据,采取核密度估计方法进行失效概率值计算,进而估计分布函数的参数。在得到可靠性分布函数的基础上,进行可靠性指标的制定和计算,完成对大型矿用挖掘机的可靠性评估工作。该评估方法直接基于客观故障数据,避免了以往方法的主观因素影响,有较强的工程运用价值。(4)结合大型矿用挖掘机故障模式和影响分析,对挖掘机的关键子系统和部件进行可靠性分配。在对故障维修数据进行分析处理的基础上,统计出每个关键子系统和部件的故障频率和平均维修时间(Mean Time To Repair,MTTR),并以此作为可靠性分配影响因素,计算分配因子,最后采用熵值法进行加权计算。同时选取平均故障间隔时间(Mean Time Between Failure,MTBF)作为分配指标,完成对大型矿用挖掘机关键子系统和部件的可靠性分配,相比以往方法有更好的直观性和简便性,更适合于实际工程中的运用。
[Abstract]:As an important construction machinery in mining and engineering construction, large mining excavator is widely used and creates high value, which represents the mining capacity and overall technical level of a country. It also reflects the general level of a country's equipment manufacturing industry. With the rapid development of the world economy, the mining scale of open-pit mines has expanded rapidly, and a large number of mining accidents and excavator failures have followed. The study of the reliability of large excavators will improve the international competitiveness of mining machinery in China and ensure the high efficiency of national mineral resources. It is of great significance to develop and utilize safely. Based on the key technical items of reliability analysis and design of large mine excavators, this paper focuses on the reliability evaluation and distribution technology of large excavators. On the basis of extensive reference to relevant documents and the requirement of reliability analysis, the functional structure of large excavator and its sub-system is divided into different levels. Make clear the composition and function of each group, lay a foundation for reliability analysis and follow up work. (2) from the design and working process of large excavator, collect the data of fault maintenance. The failure mode and influence analysis of large mine excavator are carried out. The failure mode and failure mechanism of every subsystem of excavator are found out, and the causes of failure and the adverse consequences are analyzed. Determine its weak links in the process of design and manufacture, key subsystems and components, etc.) in view of the shortage of reliability data of large excavators, use its fault maintenance data for statistical analysis. After analyzing and processing the fault maintenance data, the fault interval time data are counted, and the failure probability value is calculated by using the kernel density estimation method. Then the parameters of the distribution function are estimated. Based on the reliability distribution function, the reliability index is worked out and calculated, and the reliability evaluation of large excavator is completed. The evaluation method is based on the objective fault data directly. It avoids the influence of subjective factors of previous methods and has strong engineering application value. 4) combined with fault mode and influence analysis of large mine excavators, The key subsystems and components of the excavator are assigned reliably. On the basis of the analysis and processing of the fault maintenance data, The failure frequency and average maintenance time of each key subsystem and component are calculated, and the distribution factor is calculated as the influence factor of reliability distribution. In the end, the entropy method is used to calculate the reliability of the key subsystems and components of the large mine excavator, and the mean Time Between failure time (MTBF) is chosen as the allocation index. Compared with the previous methods, the method is more intuitive and convenient, and more suitable for practical engineering.
【学位授予单位】：电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TD422.2

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