刮板输送机中部槽摩擦接触分析与仿生优化设计

发布时间：2018-04-20 01:26

本文选题：刮板输送机 + 中部槽　；参考：《太原理工大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：刮板输送机的寿命长短直接决定着煤矿的经济效益,而中部槽寿命是衡量刮板输送机寿命的重要指标。作为刮板输送机的主要承载部件,大量中部槽因严重磨损而报废。为了提高刮板输送机中部槽的耐磨性能,本文将仿生非光滑耐磨理论应用于中部槽,为提高中部槽寿命开辟新途径。本文对不同工况下中部槽与刮板、物料的摩擦接触行为进行了有限元仿真,研究发现刮板与中部槽中板的摩擦接触应力是煤料与中部槽中板摩擦接触应力的3~5倍,是岩石与中部槽中板摩擦接触应力的2倍多,故刮板与中部槽中板的摩擦接触对中部槽中板的磨损失效起更主要的作用。此外,中部槽中板表面上与刮板两侧和紧固螺栓两端接触处的接触应力约是其余区域的9倍,进而导致此处产生明显的磨痕,这与中部槽中板实际磨损状况相符。结合非光滑耐磨理论,通过在中部槽中板表面建立凹坑形态来对中部槽进行仿生优化,选用L_9(3~4)四因素三水平的正交试验方案,对中部槽原试样和9组中部槽仿生试样进行结构静力学分析和摩擦接触分析,并对仿真结果进行对比研究,研究发现凹坑形貌具有应力缓释效应、力矩效应、边缘强化效应、收集磨屑等作用,进而减小中部槽中板的疲劳磨损、磨粒磨损、冲击磨损、粘着磨损、热疲劳和热磨损。针对课题所研究型号的中部槽,通过对正交试验仿真结果进行极差分析和指标估计,得到凹坑形貌参数(凹坑直径、凹坑深度、凹坑横/纵向间距)影响静力学等效应力和摩擦接触应力最大值、平均值和标准差的主次顺序和上述应力相关值最小的凹坑形貌参数优选组合。然后,通过简化矩形块摩擦副接触分析,研究了凹坑形貌参数对非光滑表面耐磨性的影响规律,结果表明凹坑表面容易变形而产生更多的压应变能和弯应变能,起到缓释应力的效果,进而提高凹坑表面耐磨性能。同时,随着凹坑边长和间距的增大,凹坑表面耐磨性先增大后减小,且存在一个最优值;随着凹坑深度的增加,凹坑表面耐磨性逐渐增大。最后,结合仿真分析结果,对中部槽仿生优化试验方案进行了初步设计,对下一步进行试验研究具有指导意义。
[Abstract]:The life span of scraper conveyor directly determines the economic benefit of coal mine, and the life of middle slot is an important index to measure the life of scraper conveyor. As the main bearing part of scraper conveyor, a large number of central slots are scrapped due to serious wear. In order to improve the wear resistance of the middle slot of the scraper conveyor, this paper applies the bionic non-smooth wear theory to the middle slot, which opens up a new way to improve the life of the middle slot. In this paper, the friction contact behavior between the middle groove and the scraper and the material under different working conditions is simulated by finite element method. It is found that the frictional contact stress between the scraper and the middle groove is 3 or 5 times that of the coal and the middle groove. It is more than 2 times of the friction contact stress between the rock and the plate in the middle groove, so the friction contact between the scraper and the plate in the middle groove plays a more important role in the wear failure of the plate in the middle groove. In addition, the contact stress between the surface of the middle slot and the two sides of the scraper and the two ends of the fastening bolt is about 9 times of that of the other areas, which leads to obvious wear marks, which is consistent with the actual wear condition of the middle plate in the middle slot. Combined with the theory of non-smooth wear resistance, by establishing the concave shape on the surface of the plate in the middle slot, the bionic optimization of the middle slot is carried out, and the orthogonal test scheme of four factors and three levels is selected. The structural statics analysis and friction contact analysis of the original sample and 9 groups of bionic specimens were carried out, and the results of simulation were compared. It was found that the concave morphology had the effects of stress sustained release, moment effect and edge strengthening. In order to reduce the fatigue wear, abrasive wear, impact wear, adhesion wear, thermal fatigue and thermal wear of the middle plate in the middle slot, the effect of grinding debris is collected. Aiming at the middle slot of the model studied in this paper, through the range analysis and index estimation of the simulation results of orthogonal test, the parameters of the shape of the pit (the diameter of the pit, the depth of the pit, the diameter of the pit, the depth of the pit) are obtained. The maximum equivalent stress and frictional contact stress, the primary and secondary order of mean value and standard deviation, and the optimum combination of the concave topography parameters with the minimum stress correlation value are affected by the transverse / longitudinal spacing of the pits. Then, by simplifying the contact analysis of the friction pairs of rectangular blocks, the influence of the surface parameters of the pits on the wear resistance of the non-smooth surfaces is studied. The results show that the surface of the pits is easily deformed, resulting in more compressive strain energy and bending strain energy. It has the effect of slow release stress, and then improves the wear resistance of the pit surface. At the same time, with the increase of the length and spacing of the pit, the surface wear resistance of the pit increases first and then decreases, and there is an optimal value, and with the increase of the depth of the pit, the wear resistance of the surface increases gradually. Finally, combined with the results of simulation analysis, the preliminary design of the bionic optimization test scheme for the middle slot is carried out, which is of guiding significance for the next step of the experimental research.
【学位授予单位】：太原理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TD528.3

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