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逐级湿堆尾矿加速排水固结试验研究及装置研制

发布时间:2018-04-20 03:06

  本文选题:尾矿库 + 排水固结 ; 参考:《广西大学》2015年硕士论文


【摘要】:尾矿库作为一种特殊的工业建筑,是矿山企业生产必不可少的基础设施,但亦是一种高危人造泥石流危险源。由于特殊的尾矿堆排工艺及贮存环境,造成尾矿库内常年积水严重、矿泥固结程度极低、坝体浸润线偏高,以致坝体坍塌、岩溶区排泥库泥浆泄漏甚至溃坝等尾矿库灾害事故频发。本文从加速库内尾矿堆积体排水固结角度出发,在分析尾矿库堆排运行环境特征的基础上,建立以土工复合排水材为竖向排水通道的逐级堆排尾矿加速排水固结物理模型,并基于该模型采用自行研制设计的试验装置对尾矿排水固结过程进行了试验模拟。研究果表明:(1)在尾矿泥浆逐级堆排条件下,土工复合排水材排水速率符合自回归移动平均模型:ARMA(2,1,8)×(0,0,0),模型后期预测结果显示:最大排水量呈逐渐增大的趋势,远未达到实际排水量峰值,排水性能满足尾矿库排水要求;(2)在土工复合排水材的排水条件下,上层覆水及时排干为后期的尾矿固结提供了有利条件,尾矿泥浆停止堆排104天后尾矿泥浆平均应力固结度达62.32%-70.81%,平均应力固结度可达61.27%~68.91%,排水条件下矿泥含水率低于静置不排水情况25%左右,固结效果明显;(3)对尾矿理想孔隙渗流模型分析可知,尾矿泥浆逐级堆排情况下土工复合排水材料最大影响半径是一个随时间改变值,其最大影响半径可达6.34~8.65m。基于尾矿库特点及模型试验结果,从“可随库面自动升高”及“快速高效排水固结”两大核心问题出发,研制一种可随尾矿库自动升高排水固结装置。选取稳性指标最高的圆柱底面(静稳性力臂0.18m)作为浮体计算优化剖面,并采用CATIA对装置进行详细的三维设计,对装置的浮性、稳性及静强度进行了计算校核。最后,基于试验结果及装置特征确定了装置的布设参数及布设形式,对新型尾矿库的库内排水系统进行总体设计,为该装置的实际工程应用提供参考。本文研究成果可为尾矿库灾害防治提供一种新的途径。
[Abstract]:As a special industrial building, tailings reservoir is an essential infrastructure for mining enterprises, but it is also a dangerous source of high risk man-made debris flow. Due to the special tailings heap and drainage technology and storage environment, the tailings reservoir has serious accumulated water all the year round, the consolidation degree of the slime is very low, and the infiltration line of the dam body is on the high side, resulting in the collapse of the dam body. Mud leakage and dam break occur frequently in tailings reservoir in karst area. In this paper, from the point of view of accelerating the drainage consolidation of tailings accumulation body in the reservoir, based on the analysis of the characteristics of the operation environment of the pile discharge in the tailings reservoir, a physical model of accelerated drainage consolidation of the tailings is established, in which the geotechnical composite drainage material is used as the vertical drainage channel, and the physical model of the accelerated drainage consolidation of the tailings is established. Based on the model, the tailings drainage consolidation process was simulated with a self-designed test device. The results show that the drainage rate of geotechnical composite drainage materials is in accordance with the autoregressive moving average model: 1 / ARMA-2 / 1 / 1 / 0) under the condition of tailings mud discharge by stage by step. The prediction results of the late stage of the model show that the maximum displacement is increasing gradually. Far from reaching the peak value of actual discharge, the drainage performance meets the drainage requirement of tailings reservoir. Under the drainage condition of geo-engineering composite drainage material, the overlying water in the upper layer is drained in time to provide favorable conditions for the tailings consolidation in the later stage. The average stress consolidation degree of tailings mud is 62.32-70.81d after the tailings mud is stopped for 104 days, and the average stress consolidation degree can reach 61.270.27% and 68.91% respectively, and the water content of the tailings mud is about 25% lower than that of statically undrained mud under drainage conditions. The analysis of the ideal pore seepage model of tailings shows that the maximum influence radius of the soil composite drainage material is a value varying with time, and the maximum influence radius can reach 6.34 ~ 8.65 m. Based on the characteristics of tailings reservoir and the results of model test, a drainage consolidation device is developed based on the two core problems of "can rise automatically with the surface of the reservoir" and "fast and high efficiency drainage consolidation". The bottom surface of the cylinder with the highest stability index (static force arm 0.18m) is selected as the optimization section of the floating body calculation. The detailed three-dimensional design of the device is carried out by using CATIA, and the floatability, stability and static strength of the device are calculated and checked. Finally, based on the test results and the characteristics of the device, the layout parameters and layout form of the device are determined, and the overall design of the drainage system in the new tailing reservoir is carried out, which provides a reference for the practical application of the device. The research results in this paper can provide a new way for disaster prevention of tailings reservoir.
【学位授予单位】:广西大学
【学位级别】:硕士
【学位授予年份】:2015
【分类号】:TD926.4

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